对于Makefile 由于源码特别长，所以，我在这里就一边摘录一边分析
# Include autoconf.mk before config.mk so that the config options are available
# to all top level build files. We need the dummy all: target to prevent the
# dependency target in autoconf.mk.dep from being the default.
all:
sinclude $(obj)include/autoconf.mk.dep
sinclude $(obj)include/autoconf.mk
# load ARCH, BOARD, and CPU configuration
# 该文件为配置时生成的
include $(obj)include/config.mk
export ARCH CPU BOARD VENDOR SOC
# set default to nothing for native builds
ifeq ($(HOSTARCH),$(ARCH))
CROSS_COMPILE ?= arm-linux-
endif
# load other configuration
include $(TOPDIR)/config.mk
这段代码中，上面的解释已经很到位了.我这里就不多说了，直接看一个相对比较重要的文件include $(TOPDIR)/config.mk
不知道怎么分析好.就挑几个重点讲下.
1:编译器的变量声明
2:连接脚本
3:连接选项
1:编译器的变量声明
#
# Include the make variables (CC, etc...)
#
AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as
LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
CPP = $(CC) -E
AR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar
NM = $(CROSS_COMPILE)nm
LDR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ldr
STRIP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip
OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
RANLIB = $(CROSS_COMPILE)RANLIB
这里就知道为什么交叉编译器只需要指定前缀的原因了。
2:连接脚本
ifndef LDSCRIPT
#LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds.debug
ifeq ($(CONFIG_NAND_U_BOOT),y)
LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot-nand.lds
else
LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds
endif
endif
LDSCRIPT会根据是否启用nand_boot的选项,来选择连接脚本,连接脚本可以指定代码生成的先后位置,比如把nand相关的函数指定到最前面.
uboot就是通过该连接脚本来使start.S这段代码放到整个程序的最前面,这样才能保证arm能正常启动
3:连接选项
LDFLAGS += -Bstatic -T $(obj)u-boot.lds $(PLATFORM_LDFLAGS)
ifneq ($(TEXT_BASE),)
LDFLAGS += -Ttext $(TEXT_BASE)
endif
LDFLAGS指明在连接的时候，指定连接地址,还有连接脚本的参数之类的.
剩下的就自己分析吧....
再回到Makefile,指定要编译的对象了
#########################################################################
# U-Boot objects....order is important (i.e. start must be first)
OBJS = cpu/$(CPU)/start.o
ifeq ($(CPU),i386)
OBJS += cpu/$(CPU)/start16.o
OBJS += cpu/$(CPU)/resetvec.o
endif
ifeq ($(CPU),ppc4xx)
OBJS += cpu/$(CPU)/resetvec.o
endif
ifeq ($(CPU),mpc85xx)
OBJS += cpu/$(CPU)/resetvec.o
endif
OBJS := $(addprefix $(obj),$(OBJS))
LIBS = lib_generic/libgeneric.a
LIBS += lib_generic/lzma/liblzma.a
LIBS += lib_generic/lzo/liblzo.a
LIBS += $(shell if [ -f board/$(VENDOR)/common/Makefile ]; then echo \
"board/$(VENDOR)/common/lib$(VENDOR).a"; fi)
LIBS += cpu/$(CPU)/lib$(CPU).a
ifdef SOC
LIBS += cpu/$(CPU)/$(SOC)/lib$(SOC).a
endif
ifeq ($(CPU),ixp)
LIBS += cpu/ixp/npe/libnpe.a
endif
LIBS += lib_$(ARCH)/lib$(ARCH).a
LIBS += fs/cramfs/libcramfs.a fs/fat/libfat.a fs/fdos/libfdos.a fs/jffs2/libjffs2.a \
fs/reiserfs/libreiserfs.a fs/ext2/libext2fs.a fs/yaffs2/libyaffs2.a \
fs/ubifs/libubifs.a
LIBS += net/libnet.a
LIBS += disk/libdisk.a
LIBS += drivers/bios_emulator/libatibiosemu.a
LIBS += drivers/block/libblock.a
LIBS += drivers/dma/libdma.a
LIBS += drivers/fpga/libfpga.a
LIBS += drivers/gpio/libgpio.a
LIBS += drivers/hwmon/libhwmon.a
LIBS += drivers/i2c/libi2c.a
LIBS += drivers/input/libinput.a
LIBS += drivers/misc/libmisc.a
LIBS += drivers/mmc/libmmc.a
LIBS += drivers/mtd/libmtd.a
LIBS += drivers/mtd/nand/libnand.a
LIBS += drivers/mtd/onenand/libonenand.a
LIBS += drivers/mtd/ubi/libubi.a
LIBS += drivers/mtd/spi/libspi_flash.a
LIBS += drivers/net/libnet.a
LIBS += drivers/net/phy/libphy.a
LIBS += drivers/pci/libpci.a
LIBS += drivers/pcmcia/libpcmcia.a
LIBS += drivers/power/libpower.a
LIBS += drivers/spi/libspi.a
ifeq ($(CPU),mpc83xx)
LIBS += drivers/qe/qe.a
endif
ifeq ($(CPU),mpc85xx)
LIBS += drivers/qe/qe.a
LIBS += cpu/mpc8xxx/ddr/libddr.a
LIBS += cpu/mpc8xxx/lib8xxx.a
endif
ifeq ($(CPU),mpc86xx)
LIBS += cpu/mpc8xxx/ddr/libddr.a
LIBS += cpu/mpc8xxx/lib8xxx.a
endif
LIBS += drivers/rtc/librtc.a
LIBS += drivers/serial/libserial.a
LIBS += drivers/twserial/libtws.a
LIBS += drivers/usb/gadget/libusb_gadget.a
LIBS += drivers/usb/host/libusb_host.a
LIBS += drivers/usb/musb/libusb_musb.a
LIBS += drivers/usb/phy/libusb_phy.a
LIBS += drivers/video/libvideo.a
LIBS += drivers/watchdog/libwatchdog.a
LIBS += common/libcommon.a
LIBS += libfdt/libfdt.a
LIBS += api/libapi.a
LIBS += post/libpost.a
LIBS := $(addprefix $(obj),$(LIBS))
.PHONY : $(LIBS) $(TIMESTAMP_FILE) $(VERSION_FILE)
LIBBOARD = board/$(BOARDDIR)/lib$(BOARD).a
LIBBOARD := $(addprefix $(obj),$(LIBBOARD))
# Add GCC lib
ifdef USE_PRIVATE_LIBGCC
ifeq ("$(USE_PRIVATE_LIBGCC)", "yes")
PLATFORM_LIBGCC = -L $(OBJTREE)/lib_$(ARCH) -lgcc
else
PLATFORM_LIBGCC = -L $(USE_PRIVATE_LIBGCC) -lgcc
endif
else
PLATFORM_LIBGCC = -L $(shell dirname `$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -print-libgcc-file-name`) -lgcc
endif
PLATFORM_LIBS += $(PLATFORM_LIBGCC)
export PLATFORM_LIBS
# Special flags for CPP when processing the linker script.
# Pass the version down so we can handle backwards compatibility
# on the fly.
LDPPFLAGS += \
-include $(TOPDIR)/include/u-boot/u-boot.lds.h \
$(shell $(LD) --version | \
sed -ne 's/GNU ld version \([0-9][0-9]*\)\.\([0-9][0-9]*\).*/-DLD_MAJOR=\1 -DLD_MINOR=\2/p')
ifeq ($(CONFIG_NAND_U_BOOT),y)
NAND_SPL = nand_spl
U_BOOT_NAND = $(obj)u-boot-nand.bin
endif
ifeq ($(CONFIG_ONENAND_U_BOOT),y)
ONENAND_IPL = onenand_ipl
U_BOOT_ONENAND = $(obj)u-boot-onenand.bin
ONENAND_BIN ?= $(obj)onenand_ipl/onenand-ipl-2k.bin
endif
__OBJS := $(subst $(obj),,$(OBJS))
__LIBS := $(subst $(obj),,$(LIBS)) $(subst $(obj),,$(LIBBOARD))
#########################################################################
#########################################################################