傻瓜式解读koa中间件处理模块koa

最近需要单独使用到koa-compose这个模块,虽然使用koa的时候大致知道中间件的执行流程,但是没仔细研究过源码用起来还是不放心(主要是这个模块代码少,多的话也没兴趣去研究了)。

koa-compose看起来代码少,但是确实绕。闭包,递归,Promise。。。看了一遍脑子里绕不清楚。看了网上几篇解读文章,都是针对单行代码做解释,还是绕不清楚。最后只好采取一种傻瓜的方式:

koa-compose去掉一些注释,类型校验后,源码如下:

function compose (middleware) { return function (context, next) { // last called middleware # let index = -1 return dispatch(0) function dispatch (i) { if (i <= index) return Promise.reject(new Error('next() called multiple times')) index = i let fn = middleware[i] if (i === middleware.length) fn = next if (!fn) return Promise.resolve() try { return Promise.resolve(fn(context, dispatch.bind(null, i + 1))); } catch (err) { return Promise.reject(err) } } } }

写出如下代码:

var index = -1; function compose() { return dispatch(0) } function dispatch (i) { if (i <= index) return Promise.reject(new Error('next() called multiple times')) index = i var fn = middleware[i] if (i === middleware.length) fn = next if (!fn) return Promise.resolve('fn is undefined') try { return Promise.resolve(fn(context, dispatch.bind(null, i + 1))); } catch (err) { return Promise.reject(err) } } function f1(context,next){ console.log('middleware 1'); next().then(data=>console.log(data)); console.log('middleware 1'); return 'middleware 1 return'; } function f2(context,next){ console.log('middleware 2'); next().then(data=>console.log(data)); console.log('middleware 2'); return 'middleware 2 return'; } function f3(context,next){ console.log('middleware 3'); next().then(data=>console.log(data)); console.log('middleware 3'); return 'middleware 3 return'; } var middleware=[ f1,f2,f3 ] var context={}; var next=function(context,next){ console.log('middleware 4'); next().then(data=>console.log(data)); console.log('middleware 4'); return 'middleware 4 return'; }; compose().then(data=>console.log(data));

直接运行结果如下:

"middleware 1"

"middleware 2"

"middleware 3"

"middleware 4"

"middleware 4"

"middleware 3"

"middleware 2"

"middleware 1"

"fn is undefined"

"middleware 4 return"

"middleware 3 return"

"middleware 2 return"

"middleware 1 return"

按着代码运行流程一步步分析:

dispatch(0)

i==0,index==-1 i>index 往下

index=0 fn=f1 Promise.resolve(f1(context, dispatch.bind(null, 0 + 1)))

这就会执行

f1(context, dispatch.bind(null, 0 + 1))

进入到f1执行上下文

console.log('middleware 1');

输出middleware 1

next()

其实就是调用dispatch(1) bind的功劳

递归开始

dispatch(1)

i==1,index==0 i>index 往下

index=1 fn=f2 Promise.resolve(f2(context, dispatch.bind(null, 1 + 1)))

这就会执行

f2(context, dispatch.bind(null, 1 + 1))

进入到f2执行上下文

console.log('middleware 2');

输出middleware 2

next()

其实就是调用dispatch(2)

接着递归

dispatch(2)

i==2,index==1 i>index 往下

index=2 fn=f3 Promise.resolve(f3(context, dispatch.bind(null, 2 + 1)))

这就会执行

f3(context, dispatch.bind(null, 2 + 1))

进入到f3执行上下文

console.log('middleware 3');

输出middleware 3

next()

其实就是调用dispatch(3)

接着递归

dispatch(3)

i==3,index==2 i>index 往下

index=3 i === middleware.length fn=next Promise.resolve(next(context, dispatch.bind(null, 3 + 1)))

这就会执行

next(context, dispatch.bind(null, 3 + 1))

进入到next执行上下文

console.log('middleware 4');

输出middleware 4

next()

其实就是调用dispatch(4)

接着递归

dispatch(4)

i==4,index==3 i>index 往下

index=4 fn=middleware[4] fn=undefined reuturn Promise.resolve('fn is undefined')

回到next执行上下文

console.log('middleware 4');

输出middleware 4

return 'middleware 4 return' Promise.resolve('middleware 4 return')

回到f3执行上下文

console.log('middleware 3');

输出middleware 3

return 'middleware 3 return' Promise.resolve('middleware 3 return')

回到f2执行上下文

console.log('middleware 2');

输出middleware 2

return 'middleware 2 return' Promise.resolve('middleware 2 return')

回到f1执行上下文

console.log('middleware 1');

输出middleware 1

return 'middleware 1 return' Promise.resolve('middleware 1 return')

回到全局上下文

至此已经输出

"middleware 1"

"middleware 2"

"middleware 3"

"middleware 4"

"middleware 4"

"middleware 3"

"middleware 2"

"middleware 1"

那么

"fn is undefined"

"middleware 4 return"

"middleware 3 return"

"middleware 2 return"

"middleware 1 return"

怎么来的呢

回头看一下,每个中间件里都有

next().then(data=>console.log(data));

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