序言：中文录入失败，报错：Incorrect string value: '\xCC\xEC\xB2\xC5'，如下所示：
MySQL> set names utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into t select 2 as a ,'天才' as b;
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xCC\xEC\xB2\xC5' for column 'b' at row 1
mysql>
mysql>
1，去查看数据库的字符集，是utf8，显示正常的。
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
2，去查看连接客户端的字符集，
vim /etc/my.cnf
#----------------- UTF-8 -----------------#
skip-character-set-client-handshake
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
#----------------- UTF-8 -----------------#
看到connect连接有utf8设置，也保证了，通过mysql命令行登录看到的是utf8编码的。
3，通过sqlyog远程工具操作，在Query窗口执行如下命令：
SET NAMES utf8;
INSERT INTO t SELECT 3 AS a ,'第二梦' AS b;
是成功的，执行界面显示如下：
2 queries executed, 2 success, 0 errors, 0 warnings
Query: set names utf8
0 row(s) affected
Execution Time : 0 sec
Transfer Time : 0 sec
Total Time : 0.001 sec
--------------------------------------------------
Query: insert into t select 3 as a ,'第二梦' as b
1 row(s) affected
Execution Time : 0.002 sec
Transfer Time : 0 sec
Total Time : 0.002 sec
在sqlyog窗口查询t表，也正常显示中文字符，如下图所示：
但是在linux后面使用mysql窗口命令登录，还是乱码，如下所示：
mysql> SELECT * FROM t;
+---+-----------+
| a | b |
+---+-----------+
| 1 | bb |
| 1 | ?? |
| 2 | 骞村. |
| 3 | 绗.?姊?|
+---+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
那么以此推断，问题在哪里呢，客户端sqlyog能正常录入中文显示中文，而linux的mysql窗口不行，得去检查os层的linux操作系统的字符集设置。
4，检查mysql服务器所在的linux os的字符集
[root@data01 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/i18n
LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"
LANGUAGE="zh_CN.GB18030:zh_CN.GB2312:zh_CN"
SUPPORTED="zh_CN.UTF-8:zh_CN:zh:en_US.UTF-8:en_US:en"
SYSFONT="lat0-sun16"
modified by timman on 2015/03/03
看到这里面不是GB18030，不是utf8，所以需要重新设置下，从线上copy一下/etc/sysconfig/i18n 的内容，将此改成如下
[root@data01 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/i18n
# LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"
# LANGUAGE="zh_CN.GB18030:zh_CN.GB2312:zh_CN"
# SUPPORTED="zh_CN.UTF-8:zh_CN:zh:en_US.UTF-8:en_US:en"
# SYSFONT="lat0-sun16"
# modified by timman on 2015/03/03
LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
然后重启linux，重启mysql，或者export LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8";
[root@data01 ~]# service mysqld5612 restart
Shutting down MySQL......... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL..................................................................... SUCCESS!
[root@data01 ~]#