即二叉树的层序遍历。可以使用一个辅助队列,首先将二叉树的根节点入队,然后打印根结点的值,接着判断根结点
是否有左右孩子,如果有,将左右孩子入队。如此循环直到队列为空。
在Java中实现的二叉树结构
代码:
/*
从上到下遍历二叉树
by Rowandjj
2014/8/1
*/
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef struct _BNODE_
{
int data;
struct _BNODE_ *lChild;
struct _BNODE_ *rChild;
}BNode,*pTree,*pNode;
typedef struct _QUEUENODE_
{
pNode data;
struct _QUEUENODE_ *next;
}QNode,*pQNode;
typedef struct _QUEUE_
{
pQNode pHead;
pQNode pTail;
}Queue,*pQueue;
void InitQueue(pQueue pQ)
{
pQ->pHead = pQ->pTail = (pQNode)malloc(sizeof(QNode));
if(pQ->pHead == NULL)
{
exit(-1);
}
pQ->pHead->next = NULL;
}
void Enqueue(pQueue pQ,pNode data)
{
if(pQ == NULL || data == NULL)
{
return;
}
pQNode pNew = (pQNode)malloc(sizeof(QNode));
if(!pNew)
{
exit(-1);
}
pNew->data = data;
pNew->next = NULL;
pQ->pTail->next = pNew;
pQ->pTail = pNew;
}
pNode Dequeue(pQueue pQ)
{
if(pQ == NULL)
{
return NULL;
}
pQNode pDel = pQ->pHead->next;
if(pDel == NULL)
{
return NULL;
}
pNode data = pDel->data;
if(pDel == pQ->pTail)
{
pQ->pTail = pQ->pHead;
}
pQ->pHead->next = pDel->next;
free(pDel);
return data;
}
void Destroy(pQueue pQ)
{
if(pQ == NULL)
{
return;
}
pNode pTemp;
while((pTemp = Dequeue(pQ)) != NULL)
{
free(pTemp);
}
free(pQ->pHead);
}
//层次遍历
void LevelTraverse(pTree pT)
{
if(pT == NULL)
{
return;
}
Queue q;
InitQueue(&q);
Enqueue(&q,pT);
pNode pTemp;
while((pTemp = Dequeue(&q)) != NULL)
{
cout<<pTemp->data<<" ";
if(pTemp->lChild)
{
Enqueue(&q,pTemp->lChild);
}
if(pTemp->rChild)
{
Enqueue(&q,pTemp->rChild);
}
}
Destroy(&q);
}
void Create(pTree *pT)
{
int data;
cin>>data;
if(data != -1)
{
*pT = (pTree)malloc(sizeof(BNode));
if(*pT == NULL)
{
exit(-1);
}
(*pT)->lChild = NULL;
(*pT)->rChild = NULL;
(*pT)->data = data;
Create(&(*pT)->lChild);
Create(&(*pT)->rChild);
}
}
int main()
{
pTree pT= NULL;
Create(&pT);
LevelTraverse(pT);
return 0;
}
测试: