Nginx负载均衡(主备)+Keepalived

Nginx负载均衡器的优点:

实现看弹性化操作的架构,压力增大的时候可以临时添加后端Web服务器;

upstream具有负载均衡能力(默认使用轮询),可以自动判断下面的机器,并且自动踢出不能正常提供服务的机器;

Keepalvied加Nginx监测脚本可保证单个nginx负载均衡器的有效性,避免单点故障

系统

两台Nginx:

CentOS6.7 x86_64

两台Web:

Ubuntu 15.04 desktop

拓扑

Nginx负载均衡(主备)+Keepalived

IP地址

nginx(主LB):192.168.15.132

nginx(备LB):192.168.15.133

VIP地址:192.168.15.135

Real1的IP:192.168.15.128

Real2的IP:192.168.15.130

部署整个环境用到的软件为:

nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz 
prce-8.38.tar.gz

zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

①2台Web主机(Ubuntu)上部署Nginx+PHP-FPM+MySQL,此处省略。

②分别在二台Nginx负载均衡器上安装Nginx,配置

安装GCC编译器等工具:

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake libtool make openssl openssl-devel

安装Nginx:

wget

tar -zxvf pcre-8.38.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.38

./configure

make && make install

wget

tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.8

./configure

make && make install

wget

tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.3/ 

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

--sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

--conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

--pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid \

--with-http_ssl_module \

--with-http_stub_status_module \

--with-http_gzip_static_module \

make && make install

注:查询"./configure --help"相关模块,按需求指定启用


Nginx.conf配置文件,二个nginx负载均衡器的文件一样

user  www-data www-data;
worker_processes  1;
error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log notice;
pid        /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  51200;
}
http {
    include      mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    client_max_body_size 8m;
    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush    on;
    server_tokens off;
    keepalive_timeout  60;
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
    gzip  on;
    upstream backend
    {
    server 192.168.15.128;
    server 192.168.15.130;
    }
    server {
        listen      80;
        server_name  192.168.15.135;
        location / {
            root  html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
            proxy_redirect off;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            #后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_pass ;
        }
        error_page  500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root  html;
        }
       
        location /nginx_status {
            stub_status on;
            auth_basic "NginxStatus";
            auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/htpasswd;
            #allow 127.0.0.1;
            #deny all;
        }
        location ~* \.(ini|docx|txt|doc|pdf)$ {
        #禁止访问文档性文件
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        deny all;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|js|html|htm|css)$ {
        root /home/image;
        proxy_store on;
        proxy_store_access user:rw group:rw all:rw;
        proxy_temp_path /home/image;
        if ( !-e $request_filename) {
          proxy_pass  ;
        }
    }
}
}

③在二台Nginx上安装及配置keepalived:

wget

tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.15

./configure --sysconf=/etc/  --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.8.1.el6.x86_64

make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived  /sbin/ 

#这一步很重要,不执行ln -s会报错“Starting keepalived: /bin/bash: keepalived: command not found”

service keepalived start

二台Nginx上keepalived.conf配置文件如下,配置完成后分别service keepalived start启动。检验keepalived配置是否成功

主:

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