环境：MySQL-5.1.51.tar.gz httpd-2.2.19.tar.bz2 php-5.3.6.tar.bz2
数据库数据目录：/data
Web目录：/html
1 安装必备的开发包
yum -y install ntp vim-enhanced gcc gcc-c++ flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-devel \
ncurses-devel zlib-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel libXpm-devel \
gettext-devel pam-devel libtool libtool-ltdl openssl openssl-devel fontconfig-devel \
libxml2-devel curl-devel libicu libicu-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel libmhash libmhash-devel
#yum remove httpd mysql mysql-server php php-cli php-common php-devel php-gd -y
2 同步系统时间：
#vim /etc/ntp.conf //添加下面三行内容（19行下面添加）
server 3.cn.pool.ntp.org
server 3.asia.pool.ntp.org
server 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
# service ntpd stop
#ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org //更新时间
#service ntpd start
chkconfig ntpd on
3 Install mysql编译安装mysql
cd mysql-5.1.51
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql \
--exec-prefix=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql \
--with-charset=utf8 \
--with-extra-charsets=all \
--with-innodb \
--with-pthread \
--enable-assembler \
--enable-thread-safe-client \
--with-big-tables \
--with-readline \
--with-ssl \
--with-embedded-server \
--enable-local-infile \
make && make install
添加用户
groupadd –g 306 mysql
useradd –g mysql –u 306 –M –s /sbin/nologin
chown –R mysql:mysql /data
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data
chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql
chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
编辑/etc/my.cnf，在[mysqld]加入 datadir = /data
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on
service mysqld start
测试数据库服务器
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot
root用户的默认密码是空
如出现标识符
mysql>
说明MySQL数据库安装成功，并且已经启动了！
为root用户设置密码
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>set password for root@localhost=password("CentOSmysqla#");
mysql>set password for root@127.0.0.1=password("centosmysqla#");
删除空帐户，查看帐户信息
mysql>delete from mysql.user where user='';
mysql>select user,host,password from mysql.user;
允许root用户远程登录
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'centosmysqla#';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>quit
参考选项：Mysql 优化，在[mysqld]配置参数下面添加下面几行(大概37行下面),根据服务器不同配置进行不同的设置
max_allowed_packet = 500M //先找到这行内容，修改成500
innodb_file_per_table
log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
skip-name-resolv//禁用DNS解析
sync-binlog=1
lower_case_table_names=1
max_connections = 1500 (默认100)
log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysql.err.log //指定错误日志位置
max_heap_table_size = 256M
join_buffer_size = 128M
thread_cache_size = 1200 //线程缓存
thread_concurrency = 4 //设置成cpu数x2，只有一个设置2
thread_stack = 256K
query_cache_type = 1 //指定是否使用查询缓冲，可以设置为0、1、2，该变量是SESSION级的变量
query_cache_size = 512M //查询缓冲大小
query_cache_limit = 4M //单个查询缓冲大小。默认1M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 4k //指定分配缓冲区空间的最小单位，缺省为4K
tmp_table_size = 256M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
back_log = 1024//设定缓存队列数，节省连接开销
long_query_time = 3
open_files_limit = 10240
interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120
external-locking = FALSE//禁用文件系统外部锁
table_cache = 1024//高速缓存大小，4G内存设置为2048
修改配置文件里下面的参数，去掉前面的#
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M （默认16M，可以为系统内存50%~70%）
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 256M （默认2M）
innodb_log_file_size = 512M （默认5M，innodb_buffer_pool_size的四分之一）
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M //设置位每秒的数据量
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_open_files=4096
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table=1
:wq //保存退出
service mysqld restart
4 apache安装
cd ../httpd-2.2.19
cd srclib/apr
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr;make;make install
cd ../apr-util
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/apr-util \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql;
make;make install