CentOS 7文件系统与日志分析详解(4)

关于CentOS 7文件系统与日志分析

[root@localhost log]# cd httpd //进入httpd程序目录 [root@localhost httpd]# ls access_log error_log [root@localhost httpd]# vim access_log //查看程序日志文件 192.168.144.1 - - [02/Sep/2019:06:12:48 +0800] "GET /noindex/css/bootstrap.min.css HTTP/1.1" 200 19341 "http://192.168.144.133/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" 192.168.144.1 - - [02/Sep/2019:06:12:48 +0800] "GET /noindex/css/open-sans.css HTTP/1.1" 200 5081 "http://192.168.144.133/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" 192.168.144.1 - - [02/Sep/2019:06:12:48 +0800] "GET /images/apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 2326 "http://192.168.144.133/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" 192.168.144.1 - - [02/Sep/2019:06:12:48 +0800] "GET /images/poweredby.png HTTP/1.1" 200 3956 "http://192.168.144.133/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" 192.168.144.1 - - [02/Sep/2019:06:12:48 +0800] "GET /noindex/css/fonts/Light/OpenSans-Light.woff HTTP/1.1" 404 241 "http://192.168.144.133/noindex/css/open-sans.css" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" 192.168.144.1 - - [02/Sep/2019:06:12:48 +0800] "GET /noindex/css/fonts/Bold/OpenSans-Bold.woff HTTP/1.1" 404 239 "http://192.168.144.133/noindex/css/open-sans.css" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" 192.168.144.1 - - [02/Sep/2019:06:12:48 +0800] "GET /noindex/css/fonts/Bold/OpenSans-Bold.ttf HTTP/1.1" 404 238 "http://192.168.144.133/noindex/css/open-sans.css" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) 日志消息的级别

0 EMERG(紧急):会导致主机系统不可用的情况

1 ALERT(警告):必须马上采取措施解决问题

2 CRIT (严重):比较严重的情况

3 ERR (错误):运行出现错误

4 WARNING(提醒):可能会影响系统功能的事件

5 NOTICE (注意):不会影响系统但值得注意

6 INFO(信息):一般信息

7 DEBUG (调试):程序员调试信息

日志管理策略

及时做好备份和归档

延长日志保存期限

控制日志访问权限

日志中可能会包含各类敏感信息,如账户、口令等

集中管理日志

将服务器的日志文件发到统一的日志文件服务器

便于日志信息的同一收集、整理和分析

杜绝日志信息的意外丢失、恶意篡改或删除

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