alert日志中的相关内容如下：
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:236214754 end:236215144 diff:390 (3 seconds)
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is AL32UTF8
No Resource Manager plan active
Errors in file /u03/ora11g/diag/rdbms/test01/TEST01/trace/TEST01_ora_434.trc:
ORA-01775: looping chain of synonyms
Errors in file /u03/ora11g/diag/rdbms/test01/TEST01/trace/TEST01_ora_434.trc:
ORA-01775: looping chain of synonyms
Error 1775 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER (ospid: 434): terminating the instance due to error 1775
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 434
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (434) as a result of ORA-1092
Thu Nov 20 06:31:13 2014
ORA-1092 : opitsk aborting process
Thu Nov 20 06:32:02 2014
日志中���到的trace 文件的内容如下：
*** 2014-11-20 06:31:11.920
*** SESSION ID:(237.5) 2014-11-20 06:31:11.920
*** CLIENT ID:() 2014-11-20 06:31:11.920
*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2014-11-20 06:31:11.920
*** MODULE NAME:(sqlplus@rac1 (TNS V1-V3)) 2014-11-20 06:31:11.920
*** ACTION NAME:() 2014-11-20 06:31:11.920
ORA-01775: looping chain of synonyms
ORA-01775: looping chain of synonyms
*** 2014-11-20 06:31:11.947
USER (ospid: 434): terminating the instance due to error 1775
如果确实知道问题的原因就轻车熟路的解决了，要不还需要费一番周折，开启一些更为详尽的trace来排查。
这个错误和数据库参数replication_dependency_tracking有关,默认是TRUE,我们需要暂时绕过这个校验，先把库启动起来，然后重建表dual就可以了。在修复以后，重启数据库恢复replication_dependency_tracking的默认值TRUE
SQL> show parameter track
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
db_unrecoverable_scn_tracking boolean
TRUE
replication_dependency_tracking boolean
TRUE
SQL> alter system set replication_dependency_tracking=false;
alter system set replication_dependency_tracking=false
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified
SQL> alter system set replication_dependency_tracking=false scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 313159680 bytes
Fixed Size 2227944 bytes
Variable Size 255852824 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 4747264 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
SQL> select sysdate from dual; --启动起来之后尝试，会发现问题没有修复，我们需要重建表dual
select sysdate from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01775: looping chain of synonyms
SQL> CREATE TABLE "SYS"."DUAL"
2 ( "DUMMY" VARCHAR2(1)
3 ) TABLESPACE "SYSTEM" ;
Table created.
SQL> GRANT SELECT ON "SYS"."DUAL" TO PUBLIC WITH GRANT OPTION;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> insert into dual values('X');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select sysdate from dual; --修复以后问题似乎就解决了。
SYSDATE
------------------
20-NOV-14
SQL> show parameter track
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_unrecoverable_scn_tracking boolean TRUE
replication_dependency_tracking boolean FALSE
SQL> alter system set replication_dependency_tracking=TRUE scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.