在被监控的文件或目录上等待特定文件系统事件(open close delete等)发生,执行后处于阻塞状态,适合在shell脚本中使用
inotifywatch:
收集被监控的文件系统使用的统计数据,指文件系统事件发生的次数统计。
说明:在实时实时同步的时候,主要是利用inotifywait对目录进行监控
1.5.3 inotifywait命令参数说明参数
含义
-m, --monitor
(重要参数)
Keep listening for events forever. Without this option, inotifywait will exit after one event is received.
始终保持事件监听。
-d, --daemon
111
-r, --recursive
(重要参数)
Watch all subdirectories of any directories passed as arguments.
递归监控目录数据信息变化
-o, --outfile <file>
Print events to <file> rather than stdout.
打印事件到文件中,相当于标准正确输出
-s, --syslog
Output errors to syslog(3) system log module rather than stderr.
发送错误到syslog相当于标准错误输出
-q, --quiet
(重要参数)
If specified once, the program will be less verbose. Specifically, it will not state when it has completed establishing all inotify watches.
输出信息少(只打印事件信息)
--exclude <pattern>
Exclude all events on files matching the extended regular expression <pattern>.
排除文件或目录
--excludei <pattern>
Like --exclude but case insensitive.
排除文件或目录时,不区分大小写
--timefmt <fmt>
(重要参数)
Print using a specified printf-like format string; read the man page for more details.
指定时间输出格式
--format <fmt>
(重要参数)
Print using a specified printf-like formatstring; read the man page for more details.
打印使用指定的输出类似格式字符串;即实际监控输出内容
-e
(重要参数)
Listen for specific event(s). If omitted, all events are listened for.
指定监听指定的事件,如果省略,表示所有事件都进行监听
以上的信息可以通过 inotifywait --help 获得
1.5.4 -e[参数] 可以指定的事件类型
事件名称
事件说明
access
file or directory contents were read
文件或目录内容被读取
modify
file or directory contents were writterv
文件或目录内容被写入
attrib
file or directory attributes changed
文件或目录属性改变
close_write
(重要参数)
file or directory closed, after being opened in writeable mode.
文件或目录关闭,在写入模式打开之后关闭的。
close_nowrite
file or directory closed, after being opened in read-only mode.
文件或目录关闭,在只读模式打开之后关闭的
close
file or directory closed, regardless of read/write mode
文件或目录关闭,不管读或是写模式
open
file or directory opened
文件或目录被打开
moved_to
拉
file or directory moved to watched directory
文件或目录被移动到监控的目录中
moved_from
推
file or directory moved from watched directory
文件或目录被移动从监控的目录中
move
(重要参数)
file or directory moved to or from watched directory
文件或目录不管移动到或是移出监控目录都触发事件
create
(重要参数)
file or directory created within watched directory
文件或目录创建在监控目录中
delete
(重要参数)
file or directory deleted within watched directory
文件或目录被删除在监控目录中
delete_self
file or directory was deleted
文件或目录被删除,目录本身被删除
unmount
file system containing file or directory unmounted