SCSI低层驱动是面向主机适配器的，低层驱动被加载时，首先要添加主机适配器。主机适配器可以在PCI子系统完成ID匹配时添加，或者通过手动添加。所有基于硬件PCI接口的主机适配器都采用前一种方式，而UNH iSCSI启动器采用的是后一种方式。
添加主机适配器包括两部分内容：为主机适配器分配数据结构，将主机适配器添加到系统。
SCSI中间层为此提供了两个公共函数：scsi_host_alloc和scsi_add_host。
/**
* scsi_host_alloc - register a scsi host adapter instance.
* @sht: pointer to scsi host template
* @privsize: extra bytes to allocate for driver
*
* Note:
* Allocate a new Scsi_Host and perform basic initialization.
* The host is not published to the scsi midlayer until scsi_add_host
* is called.
*
* Return value:
* Pointer to a new Scsi_Host
**/
struct Scsi_Host *scsi_host_alloc(struct scsi_host_template *sht, int privsize)
{
struct Scsi_Host *shost;
gfp_t gfp_mask = GFP_KERNEL;
int rval;
if (sht->unchecked_isa_dma && privsize)
gfp_mask |= __GFP_DMA; //RAM的低16M作为DMA地址空间
shost = kzalloc(sizeof(struct Scsi_Host) + privsize, gfp_mask); //SCSI_Host的空间一次性分配，包括公有部分和私有部分。
if (!shost)
return NULL;
shost->host_lock = &shost->default_lock;
spin_lock_init(shost->host_lock);
shost->shost_state = SHOST_CREATED;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&shost->__devices);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&shost->__targets);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&shost->eh_cmd_q);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&shost->starved_list);
init_waitqueue_head(&shost->host_wait);
mutex_init(&shost->scan_mutex);
/*
* subtract one because we increment first then return, but we need to
* know what the next host number was before increment
*/
shost->host_no = atomic_inc_return(&scsi_host_next_hn) - 1; //host_no主机适配器编号，scsi_host_next_hn表示下一个新的主机适配器的编号。它的初始值为0，每次发现一个新的主机适配器，将全局变量scsi_host_next_hn的值赋给host_no域，然后再递增。
shost->dma_channel = 0xff;
/* These three are default values which can be overridden */
shost->max_channel = 0;
shost->max_id = 8;
shost->max_lun = 8;
/* Give each shost a default transportt */
shost->transportt = &blank_transport_template;
/*
* All drivers right now should be able to handle 12 byte
* commands. Every so often there are requests for 16 byte
* commands, but individual low-level drivers need to certify that
* they actually do something sensible with such commands.
*/
shost->max_cmd_len = 12;
shost->hostt = sht;
shost->this_id = sht->this_id;
shost->can_queue = sht->can_queue;
shost->sg_tablesize = sht->sg_tablesize;
shost->cmd_per_lun = sht->cmd_per_lun;
shost->unchecked_isa_dma = sht->unchecked_isa_dma;
shost->use_clustering = sht->use_clustering;
shost->ordered_tag = sht->ordered_tag;
if (sht->supported_mode == MODE_UNKNOWN)
/* means we didn't set it ... default to INITIATOR */
shost->active_mode = MODE_INITIATOR;
else
shost->active_mode = sht->supported_mode;
if (sht->max_host_blocked)
shost->max_host_blocked = sht->max_host_blocked;
else
shost->max_host_blocked = SCSI_DEFAULT_HOST_BLOCKED;
/*
* If the driver imposes no hard sector transfer limit, start at
* machine infinity initially.
*/
if (sht->max_sectors)
shost->max_sectors = sht->max_sectors;
else
shost->max_sectors = SCSI_DEFAULT_MAX_SECTORS;
/*
* assume a 4GB boundary, if not set
*/
if (sht->dma_boundary)
shost->dma_boundary = sht->dma_boundary;
else
shost->dma_boundary = 0xffffffff;
device_initialize(&shost->shost_gendev); //shost_gendev域内嵌通用设备，初始化；是内嵌类设备的辅设备。
dev_set_name(&shost->shost_gendev, "host%d", shost->host_no);
#ifndef CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
shost->shost_gendev.bus = &scsi_bus_type;
#endif
shost->shost_gendev.type = &scsi_host_type;
device_initialize(&shost->shost_dev); //shost_dev域是内嵌类设备，初始化该类设备，
shost->shost_dev.parent = &shost->shost_gendev;
shost->shost_dev.class = &shost_class;
dev_set_name(&shost->shost_dev, "host%d", shost->host_no);
shost->shost_dev.groups = scsi_sysfs_shost_attr_groups;