一、编译
现在的内核编译步骤真是简单极了
# make menuconfig
# make
# make modules_install
# make install
就这么两下，把以前繁杂的操作都包括了
# make modules
# make modules_install
# make install
# cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.14.3
# cp System.map /boot/System.map-2.6.14.3
# mkinitrd ……
# ln -s /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.14.3 /boot/vmlinuz
# ln -s /boot/System.map-2.6.14.3 /boot/System.map
#vim /boot/grub/menu.lst
上面这些都不用做了，真省事啊
主要就是make menuconfig这步了，这步说难也难，说不难也不难，总之呢就是按需配置
呵呵，按需配置，这下可没人能帮你了，得自己看着办了
二、可能出现的问题：
1、如果出现这样的错误进不去：Enforcing mode requested but no policy loaded
那是因为你原来系统启用了selinux的enforcing模式，你需要回到原来的系统关闭selinux就可以了，如果不需要selinux，那干脆编内核的时候就去掉。
2、启动错误提示：VFS:Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
请确保以下两项被编进内核
Device Drivers ---> Block devices --->
<*> RAM disk support
[*] Initial RAM disk (initrd) support
3、启动错误提示：
mkrootdev:lable /1 not found
mount:error 2 mounting ext3
mount:error 2 mounting none
switchroot:mount failed:22
Umount /initrd/dev failed:2
需要以下驱动支持：
Device Drivers ---> ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support ---> [*] PCI IDE chipset support
……有问题的话再加
三、关于一些编译选项
1、如果是自己用的桌面系统，别忘了打开内核抢占
Processor type and features ---> Preemption Model (Preemptible Kernel (Low-Latency Desktop)) --->
说明：抢占模式：
No Forced Preemption (Server)，这种模式等同于没有使能抢占选项的标准内核，主要适用于科学计算等服务器环境。
Voluntary Kernel Preemption (Desktop)，这种模式使能了自愿抢占，但仍然失效抢占内核选项，它通过增加抢占点缩减了抢占延迟，因此适用于一些需要较好的响应性的环境，如桌面环境，当然这种好的响应性是以牺牲一些吞吐率为代价的。
Preemptible Kernel (Low-Latency Desktop)，这种模式既包含了自愿抢占，又使能了可抢占内核选项，因此有很好的响应延迟，实际上在一定程度上已经达到了软实时性。它主要适用于桌面和一些嵌入式系统，但是吞吐率比模式2更低。
Complete Preemption (Real-Time)，这种模式使能了所有实时功能，因此完全能够满足软实时需求，它适用于延迟要求为100微秒或稍低的实时系统。
实现实时是以牺牲系统的吞吐率为代价的，因此实时性越好，系统吞吐率就越低。
2、支持4G内存，我的没有这么多，你的呢
Processor type and features ---> High Memory Support (off)
四、下面是部分选项说明，可以参考下< > ACPI0004,PNP0A05 and PNP0A06 Container Driver (EXPERIMENTAL)
APM (Advanced Power Management) BIOS Support --->
高级电源管理的支持，一般来说笔记本应该选上，台式机可以不选。
CPU Frequency scaling --->
这一选项允许改变CPU的主频，使CPU在低负荷或使用电池时降低主频，达到省电的目的。
Bus options (PCI, PCMCIA, EISA, MCA, ISA) --->
--- PCI support
PCI总线支持
PCI access mode (Any) --->
强列建议选Any，系统将优先使用MMConfig，然后使用BIOS，最后使用Direct检测PCI设备。
[ ] PCI Express support
PCI-E总线支持
[*] Legacy /proc/pci interface
[ ] PCI Debugging
[ ] ISA support
ISA总线，没有用就不要
[ ] MCA support
< > NatSemi SCx200 support
PCCARD (PCMCIA/CardBus) support --->
一般只有笔记本电脑上才会有PCMCIA插槽，如果你是台式机的话，可以不选这一项，然后跳过这一部份。
PCI Hotplug Support --->
一般来讲只有服务器上会有热插拔的设备，如果你使用的是台式机，你可以不选择此项并跳过这一部份。
Executable file formats --->
可执行文件格式
[*] Kernel support for ELF binaries
ELF是开放平台下最常用的二进制文件，它支持不同的硬件平台
< > Kernel support for a.out and ECOFF binaries
<*> Kernel support for MISC binaries
此选项允许插入二进制的封装层到内核中，当使用Java、.NET、Python、Lisp等语言编写的程序时非常有用
Networking --->
[*] Networking support
Networking options --->
需要什么协议、功能的自己选吧
[ ] Amateur Radio support --->
业余电台
< > IrDA (infrared) subsystem support --->
红外接口
< > Bluetooth subsystem support --->
蓝牙
< > Generic IEEE 802.11 Networking Stack
Device Drivers --->
驱动
Generic Driver Options --->
Connector - unified userspace <-> kernelspace linker --->
Memory Technology Devices (MTD) --->
Parallel port support --->
并口
Plug and Play support --->
即插即用
Block devices --->
< > Normal floppy disk support //软驱支持
Compaq SMART2 support
Compaq Smart Array 5xxx support
[ ] SCSI tape drive support for Smart Array 5xxx
< > Mylex DAC960/DAC1100 PCI RAID Controller support
< > Micro Memory MM5415 Battery Backed RAM support (EXPERIMENTAL)
Loopback device support
Cryptoloop Support
Network block device support
< > Promise SATA SX8 support
< > Low Performance USB Block driver
<*> RAM disk support
(16) Default number of RAM disks
(16384) Default RAM disk size (kbytes)
[*] Initial RAM disk (initrd) support
[*] Support for Large Block Devices
< > Packet writing on CD/DVD media
IO Schedulers --->
< > Anticipatory I/O scheduler
< > Deadline I/O scheduler
< > CFQ I/O scheduler
< > ATA over Ethernet support
ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support --->
<*> ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support
<*> Enhanced IDE/MFM/RLL disk/cdrom/tape/floppy support
--- Please see Documentation/ide.txt for help/info on IDE drives
[ ] Support for SATA (deprecated; conflicts with libata SATA driver)
[ ] Use old disk-only driver on primary interface
<M> Include IDE/ATA-2 DISK support
[*] Use multi-mode by default
<M> Include IDE/ATAPI CDROM support
< > Include IDE/ATAPI TAPE support (EXPERIMENTAL)
< > Include IDE/ATAPI FLOPPY support
<M> SCSI emulation support
[ ] IDE Taskfile Access
--- IDE chipset support/bugfixes
<*> generic/default IDE chipset support //使用IDE设备的这项要打*
[ ] CMD640 chipset bugfix/support
[ ] PNP EIDE support
[*] PCI IDE chipset support
[*] Sharing PCI IDE interrupts support
[ ] Boot off-board chipsets first support
<M> Generic PCI IDE Chipset Support
< > OPTi 82C621 chipset enhanced support (EXPERIMENTAL)
< > RZ1000 chipset bugfix/support
[*] Generic PCI bus-master DMA support
[ ] Force enable legacy 2.0.X HOSTS to use DMA
[*] Use PCI DMA by default when available
[ ] Enable DMA only for disks
< > AEC62XX chipset support
< > ALI M15x3 chipset support
< > AMD and nVidia IDE support
< > ATI IXP chipset IDE support
< > CMD64{3|6|8|9} chipset support
< > Compaq Triflex IDE support
< > CY82C693 chipset support
< > Cyrix CS5510/20 MediaGX chipset support (VERY EXPERIMENTAL)
< > Cyrix/National Semiconductor CS5530 MediaGX chipset support
< > HPT34X chipset support
< > HPT36X/37X chipset support
< > National SCx200 chipset support
< > Intel PIIXn chipsets support
< > IT821X IDE support
< > NS87415 chipset support
< > PROMISE PDC202{46|62|65|67} support
< > PROMISE PDC202{68|69|70|71|75|76|77} support
< > ServerWorks OSB4/CSB5/CSB6 chipsets support
< > Silicon Image chipset support
< > SiS5513 chipset support
< > SLC90E66 chipset support
< > Tekram TRM290 chipset support
< > VIA82CXXX chipset support
[ ] IGNORE word93 Validation BITS
SCSI device support --->
Multi-device support (RAID and LVM) --->
Fusion MPT device support --->
IEEE 1394 (FireWire) support --->
I2O device support --->
Network device support --->
ISDN subsystem --->
Telephony Support --->
Input device support --->
Character devices --->
I2C support --->
Dallas's 1-wire bus --->
Hardware Monitoring support --->
Misc devices --->
Multimedia Capabilities Port drivers --->
Multimedia devices --->
Graphics support --->
Sound --->
USB support --->
MMC/SD Card support --->
InfiniBand support --->
SN Devices --->
File systems --->
Profiling support --->
Kernel hacking --->
Security options --->
Cryptographic options --->
Library routines --->
Code maturity level options (代码成熟度选项)