二、为多个文件进行补丁操作
1 、创建测试文件夹
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ mkdir prj0
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ cp test0 prj0
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ ls
prj0 test0 test1 test1.patch
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ cd prj0/
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ ls
test0
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ cat >>prj0name<<EOF
> --------
> prj0/prj0name
> --------
> EOF
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ ls
prj0name test0
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ cat prj0name
--------
prj0/prj0name
--------
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ cd ..
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ mkdir prj1
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ cp test1 prj1
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ cd prj1
[armlinux@lqm prj1]$ cat >>prj1name<<EOF
> ---------
> prj1/prj1name
> ---------
> EOF
[armlinux@lqm prj1]$ cat prj1name
---------
prj1/prj1name
---------
[armlinux@lqm prj1]$ cd ..
2 、创建补丁
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ diff -uNr prj0 prj1 > prj1.patch
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ more prj1.patch
diff -uNr prj0/prj0name prj1/prj0name
--- prj0/prj0name 2006-08-18 09:25:11.000000000 +0800
+++ prj1/
prj0name 1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000000 +0800
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
---------
-prj0/prj0name
---------
diff -uNr prj0/prj1name prj1/prj1name
--- prj0/prj1name 1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000000 +0800
+++ prj1/prj1name 2006-08-18 09:26:36.000000000 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+---------
+prj1/prj1name
+---------
diff -uNr prj0/test0 prj1/test0
--- prj0/test0 2006-08-18 09:23:53.000000000 +0800
+++ prj1/test0 1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000000 +0800
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-111111
-111111
-111111
diff -uNr prj0/test1 prj1/test1
--- prj0/test1 1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000000 +0800
+++ prj1/test1 2006-08-18 09:26:00.000000000 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+222222
+111111
+222222
+111111
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ ls
prj0 prj1 prj1.patch test0 test1 test1.patch
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ cp prj1.patch ./prj0
[armlinux@lqm patch]$ cd prj0
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ patch -p1 < prj1.patch
patching file prj0name
patching file prj1name
patching file test0
patching file test1
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ ls
prj1name prj1.patch test1
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ patch -R -p1 < prj1.patch
patching file prj0name
patching file prj1name
patching file test0
patching file test1
[armlinux@lqm prj0]$ ls
prj0name prj1.patch test0
-------------------
总结一下:
单个文件
diff –uN from-file to-file >to-file.patch
patch –p0 < to-file.p
atch
patch –RE –p0 < to-file.patch
多个文件
diff –uNr from-docu to-docu >to-docu.patch
patch –p1 < to-docu.patch
patch –R –p1 <to-docu.patch
-------------------
三、应用
为内核打补丁。前面在创建交叉编译工具链时,其中有一步就是为内核打补丁。当时还不是特别了解,现在很清晰了。参考前面的文章《基于 ARM+Linux 嵌入式开发的开发工具链的建立》。
1 、首先是解压,因为发布的补丁文件都是使用 gzip 压缩的。
$gunzip ../setup-dir/ patch- 2.4.21-rmk1.gz
2 、然后进入你的内核源代码目录
$cd linux- 2.4.21
3 、打补丁
$patch –p1 < ../../setup-dir/patch- 2.4.21-rmk1
打完补丁后,需要检查一下有没有拒绝执行的文件,即检查.rej文件的存在。使用命令:
$find . -name *.rej
如果发现,会将其输出到标准输出终端,默认屏幕。当然,你也可以采用重定向,输出到指定文件,比如reject。
$fine . -name *.rej >reject
然后可以查看reject的内容了。