测试结果:
URI 请求 配置 3.1 配置 3.2curl :9090/prefix/t.html 403 Forbidden 403 Forbidden
curl :9090/prefix/mid/t.html 404 Not Found 404 Not Found
测试结果表明:普通 location 的匹配规则是“最大前缀”匹配,而且与编辑顺序无关。
#5 “@” 前缀 Named Location 使用REFER: #error_page
假设配置如下:
server {
listen 9090;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
allow all;
}
#error_page 404 # 直接这样是不允许的
error_page 404 = @fallback;
location @fallback {
proxy_pass ;
}
}
上述配置文件的意思是:如果请求的 URI 存在,则本 nginx 返回对应的页面;如果不存在,则把请求代理到baidu.com 上去做个弥补(注: nginx 当发现 URI 对应的页面不存在, HTTP_StatusCode 会是 404 ,此时error_page 404 指令能捕获它)。
测试一:
[root@web108 ~]# curl :9090/nofound.html -i
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Server: nginx/1.1.0
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 2011 08:17:21 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
Location: :9090/search/error.html
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=86400
Expires: Sun, 07 Aug 2011 08:17:21 GMT
Content-Length: 222
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC “-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN”>
<html><head>
<title>302 Found</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Found</h1>
<p>The document has moved <a href=https://www.linuxidc.com/”http:/www.baidu.com/search/error.html”>here</a>.</p>
</body></html>
[root@web108 ~]#
当我们 GET /nofound.html 发送给本 nginx , nginx 找不到对应的页面,于是 error_page 404 = @fallback ,请求被代理到 ,于是 nginx 给 发送了 GET /nofound.html ,但/nofound.html 页面在百度也不存在,百度 302 跳转到错误页。
直接访问 结果:
[root@web108 ~]# curl -i
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 2011 08:20:05 GMT
Server: Apache
Location:
Cache-Control: max-age=86400
Expires: Sun, 07 Aug 2011 08:20:05 GMT
Content-Length: 222
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC “-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN”>
<html><head>
<title>302 Found</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Found</h1>
<p>The document has moved <a href=https://www.linuxidc.com/”http:/www.baidu.com/search/error.html”>here</a>.</p>
</body></html>
[root@web108 ~]#
测试二:访问一个 nginx 不存在,但 baidu 存在的页面
[root@web108 ~]# curl -i
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 2011 08:21:56 GMT
Server: Apache
P3P: CP=” OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM ”
P3P: CP=” OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM ”
Set-Cookie: BAIDUID=5C5D2B2FD083737A0C88CA7075A6601A:FG=1; expires=Sun, 05-Aug-12 08:21:56 GMT; max-age=31536000; path=/; domain=.baidu.com; version=1
Set-Cookie: BAIDUID=5C5D2B2FD083737A2337F78F909CCB90:FG=1; expires=Sun, 05-Aug-12 08:21:56 GMT; max-age=31536000; path=/; domain=.baidu.com; version=1
Last-Modified: Wed, 05 Jan 2011 06:44:53 GMT
ETag: “d66-49913b8efe340″
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 3430
Cache-Control: max-age=86400
Expires: Sun, 07 Aug 2011 08:21:56 GMT
Vary: Accept-Encoding,User-Agent
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: text/html
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN”
“”>
。。。。
</body>
</html>
显示,的确百度这个页面是存在的。
[root@web108 ~]# curl :9090/duty/ -i
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.1.0
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 2011 08:23:23 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Connection: keep-alive
P3P: CP=” OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM ”
P3P: CP=” OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM ”
Set-Cookie: BAIDUID=8FEF0A3A2C31D277DCB4CC5F80B7F457:FG=1; expires=Sun, 05-Aug-12 08:23:23 GMT; max-age=31536000; path=/; domain=.baidu.com; version=1
Set-Cookie: BAIDUID=8FEF0A3A2C31D277B1F87691AFFD7440:FG=1; expires=Sun, 05-Aug-12 08:23:23 GMT; max-age=31536000; path=/; domain=.baidu.com; version=1
Last-Modified: Wed, 05 Jan 2011 06:44:53 GMT
ETag: “d66-49913b8efe340″
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 3430
Cache-Control: max-age=86400
Expires: Sun, 07 Aug 2011 08:23:23 GMT
Vary: Accept-Encoding,User-Agent
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN”
“”>
<html>
。。。
</body>
</html>