File created.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-62001: value for parameter cannot contain a comma
SQL> startup pfile='/g01/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid/dbs/asmpfile.ora';
ORA-62001: value for parameter cannot contain a comma
SQL> startup
ASM instance started
Total System Global Area 284565504 bytes
Fixed Size 1336036 bytes
Variable Size 258063644 bytes
ASM Cache 25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted
发现磁盘组DATA_DG，DG_FRA还是没有Mount
[grid@myrac1 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA_DG.dg ora....up.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.DG_FRA.dg ora....up.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.SYS_DG.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.cssd ora.cssd.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.diskmon ora....on.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.hjj.db ora....se.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
只能以这种方式进行asm_diskgroups参数的修改
SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups=sys_dg,data_dg,dg_fra scope=spfile sid='+ASM';
System altered.
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
STARTED
SQL> shutdown immediate
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
SQL> startup
ASM instance started
Total System Global Area 284565504 bytes
Fixed Size 1336036 bytes
Variable Size 258063644 bytes
ASM Cache 25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted
SQL> !
[grid@myrac1 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA_DG.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.DG_FRA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.SYS_DG.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.cssd ora.cssd.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.diskmon ora....on.type ONLINE ONLINE myrac1
ora.hjj.db ora....se.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
SQL> show parameter pfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /g01/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid/dbs/spfile+ASM.ora
[grid@myrac1 dbs]$ mv spfile+ASM.ora spfile+ASM.ora.bak
[grid@myrac1 dbs]$ ls
20140219 ab_+ASM.dat asmpfile.ora hc_+ASM.dat init.ora orapw+ASM peshm_+ASM_1 spfile+ASM.ora.bak
SQL> shutdown immediate
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
SQL> startup
ORA-00099: warning: no parameter file specified for ASM instance
ASM instance started
Total System Global Area 284565504 bytes
Fixed Size 1336036 bytes
Variable Size 258063644 bytes
ASM Cache 25165824 bytes
ORA-15110: no diskgroups mounted
发现使用的$CRS_HOME/dbs/spfile+ASM.ora参数文件，而不是磁盘组SYS_DG上的参数文件。
可以让asm实例启动的时候读取磁盘组上的spfile,步骤如下：
SQL> show parameter spfile