{
Thread t_write1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WriteSomething));
t_write1.Start();
Console.WriteLine("{0} Create Thread ID {1} , Start WriteSomething", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), t_write1.GetHashCode());
Thread t_write2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WriteSomething));
t_write2.Start();
Console.WriteLine("{0} Create Thread ID {1} , Start WriteSomething", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), t_write2.GetHashCode());
Thread t_read1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ReadSomething));
t_read1.Start();
Console.WriteLine("{0} Create Thread ID {1} , Start ReadSomething", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), t_read1.GetHashCode());
Thread t_read2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ReadSomething));
t_read2.Start();
Console.WriteLine("{0} Create Thread ID {1} , Start ReadSomething", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), t_read2.GetHashCode());
}
结果如下:
可以看到,3号线程和4号线程都要进入写模式,但是3号线程先占用写入锁,因此4号线程不得不等了10s后才进入。5号线程和6号线程需要占用读取锁,因此等4号线程退出写入锁后才能继续下去。
TryEnterReadLock和TryEnterWriteLock可以设置一个超时时间,运行到这句话的时候,线程会阻塞在此,如果此时能占用锁,那么返回true,如果到超时时间还未占用锁,那么返回false,放弃锁的占用,直接继续执行下面的代码。
EnterUpgradeableReadLock
ReaderWriterLockSlim类提供了可升级读模式,这种方式和读模式的区别在于它还有通过调用 EnterWriteLock 或 TryEnterWriteLock 方法升级为写入模式。 因为每次只能有一个线程处于可升级模式。进入可升级模式的线程,不会影响读取模式的线程,即当一个线程进入可升级模式,任意数量线程可以同时进入读取模式,不会阻塞。如果有多个线程已经在等待获取写入锁,那么运行EnterUpgradeableReadLock将会阻塞,直到那些线程超时或者退出写入锁。
下面代码演示了如何在可升级读模式下,升级到写入锁。
static public void UpgradeableRead()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} Begin EnterUpgradeableReadLock...", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
rwl.EnterUpgradeableReadLock();
try
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} doing sth...", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} Begin EnterWriteLock...", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
rwl.EnterWriteLock();
try
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} writing sth...", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
Thread.Sleep(10000);//模拟写入信息
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} writing end.", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
}
finally
{
rwl.ExitWriteLock();
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} ExitWriteLock...", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
}
Thread.Sleep(10000);//模拟读取信息
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} doing end.", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
}
finally
{
rwl.ExitUpgradeableReadLock();
Console.WriteLine("{0} Thread ID {1} ExitUpgradeableReadLock...", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss fff"), Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode());
}
}
读写锁对于性能的影响是明显的。
下面测试代码: