无论是使用angularjs做前端或是结合ionic混合开发移动端开发app都需要与后台进行交互，而angular给我提供了httpModule模块供我们使用。今天就展现一个http的封装和使用的一个具体流程。
2. HttpModule引入
找到app.module.ts文件
import { NgModule, ErrorHandler } from '@angular/core'; import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser'; import { IonicApp, IonicModule, IonicErrorHandler } from 'ionic-angular'; import { MyApp } from './app.component'; import { LoginPage } from "../pages/login/login"; /** 引入HttpClientModule模块 */ import { HttpClientModule } from "@angular/common/http"; import { RequestServiceProvider } from "../providers/request-service/request-service"; import { StatusBar } from '@ionic-native/status-bar'; import { SplashScreen } from '@ionic-native/splash-screen'; @NgModule({ declarations: [ MyApp, LoginPage, ], imports: [ BrowserModule, /** 导入模块 */ HttpClientModule, IonicModule.forRoot(MyApp,{ tabsHideOnSubPages:'true', backButtonText:'' }) ], bootstrap: [IonicApp], entryComponents: [ MyApp, LoginPage, ], providers: [ StatusBar, SplashScreen, {provide: ErrorHandler, useClass: IonicErrorHandler}, RequestServiceProvider, ] }) export class AppModule {}
按照自己的项目导入HttpClientModule模块即可，我导入其他组件，不用考虑。
3.创建服务
ionic g provider RequestService
执行完成后则会出现如下文件
4.封装服务
/** 导入http相关 */ import { HttpClient,HttpHeaders } from '@angular/common/http'; import { Injectable } from '@angular/core'; import {Observable} from "rxjs"; /* Generated class for the RequestServiceProvider provider. See https://angular.io/guide/dependency-injection for more info on providers and Angular DI. */ @Injectable() export class RequestServiceProvider { /** 讲基础路径提取说出来，配置ip和端口时只需要在这修改 */ //basePath:string='http://10.4.0.205:8081' reserveBasePath:string='http://10.6.254.110:8081' basePath=this.reserveBasePath; /** 封装固定的消息头相关 */ private headers = new HttpHeaders({'Content-Type': 'application/json'}) // private headers = new HttpHeaders({'Access-Control-Allow-Origin':'*'}); /** 初始化http变量 */ constructor(public http: HttpClient) { console.log('Hello RequestServiceProvider Provider'); } /** 给外界提供了四个基础的方法只需要传入uri和data即可 */ get(req:any):Observable<any> { return this.http.get(this.basePath+req.uri,{headers:this.headers}); } post(req:any):Observable<any>{ return this.http.post(this.basePath+req.uri,req.data,{headers:this.headers}); } put(req:any):Observable<any>{ return this.http.put(this.basePath+req.uri,req.data,{headers:this.headers}); } delete(req:any):Observable<any>{ return this.http.delete(this.basePath+req.uri,{headers:this.headers}); } }
5.导入声明封装服务
找到app.module.ts文件和第一部类似
import { NgModule, ErrorHandler } from '@angular/core'; import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser'; import { IonicApp, IonicModule, IonicErrorHandler } from 'ionic-angular'; import { MyApp } from './app.component'; import { LoginPage } from "../pages/login/login"; /** 引入HttpClientModule模块 */ import { HttpClientModule } from "@angular/common/http"; /** 导入自定的服务 */ import { RequestServiceProvider } from "../providers/request-service/request-service"; import { StatusBar } from '@ionic-native/status-bar'; import { SplashScreen } from '@ionic-native/splash-screen'; @NgModule({ declarations: [ MyApp, LoginPage, ], imports: [ BrowserModule, /** 导入模块 */ HttpClientModule, IonicModule.forRoot(MyApp,{ tabsHideOnSubPages:'true', backButtonText:'' }) ], bootstrap: [IonicApp], entryComponents: [ MyApp, LoginPage, ], providers: [ StatusBar, SplashScreen, {provide: ErrorHandler, useClass: IonicErrorHandler}, /** 声明服务 */ RequestServiceProvider, ] }) export class AppModule {}
6.使用服务
找到自己的页面所对应的ts文件如下面代码一样
import { Component } from '@angular/core'; import { IonicPage, NavController, NavParams } from 'ionic-angular'; /** 导入声明 */ import {RequestServiceProvider} from "../../providers/request-service/request-service"; /** * Generated class for the LoginPage page. * * See https://ionicframework.com/docs/components/#navigation for more info on * Ionic pages and navigation. */ @IonicPage() @Component({ selector: 'page-login', templateUrl: 'login.html', }) export class LoginPage { title:string = '登录' promptMessage:string = '' user={ username:'', password:'' } req={ login:{ uri:'/user/login' } } constructor(public navCtrl: NavController, public navParams: NavParams, /** 初始化服务对象 */ private requestService:RequestServiceProvider) { } ionViewDidLoad() { console.log('ionViewDidLoad LoginPage'); } login(){ /** 调用post方法，subscribe()方法可以出发请求，调用一次发送一次，调用多次发多次 */ this.requestService.post({uri:this.req.login.uri,data:user}).subscribe((res:any)=>{ console.log(res); if (res.code == 0){ this.promptMessage = res.message; } else { this.promptMessage = res.message; } }, error1 => { alert(JSON.stringify(error1)) }); } }