CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.4)
二、安装前准备
2.1 修改主机名
修改/etc/sysconfig/network配置文件中的HOSTNAME变量
[root@linuxidc ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname oracledb
####永久性修改
[root@linuxidc ~]#vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME= oracledb
[root@linuxidc ~]# hostname
oracledb
2.2 添加主机名与IP对应记录
[root@linuxidc ~]# vi /etc/hosts
172.17.22.70 oracledb
2.3 关闭Selinux
[root@oracledb ~]# sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config
[root@oracledb ~]# setenforce 0
2.4 firewall开启1521端口
[root@sdba ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp
success
[root@sdba ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
2.5下载Oracle 11g
2.6 检查硬件配置要求
最小内存 1 GB of RAM
虚拟内存容量
Available RAM
Swap Space Required
Between 1 GB and 2 GB
1.5 times the size of RAM
Between 2 GB and 16 GB
Equal to the size of RAM
More than 16 GB
16 GB
硬盘空间要求
数据库软件硬盘空间需求：
Installation Type
Requirement for Software Files (GB)
Enterprise Edition
3.95
Standard Edition
3.88
数据文件硬盘空间需求：
Installation Type
Requirement for Data Files (GB)
Enterprise Edition
1.7
Standard Edition
1.5
检查的命令
#内存
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
#交换空间
grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
#磁盘空间
df -ah
2.7 安装所需的软件包
通过查看Oracle安装文档中列出的Package Requirements可以查看在不同平台上需要的软件包。
packages for Oracle Linux 7
binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64
Oracle ODBC Drivers
On Oracle Linux 6, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, and Asianux Server 4:
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
安装软件包
yum -y install binutils
yum -y install compat-libcap1
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64
yum install -y libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64
yum install -y libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.x86_64
yum install -y libXi.i686 libXi.x86_64 libXtst.i686 libXtst.x86_64
yum install -y make
yum install -y sysstat
yum install -y unixODBC.i686 unixODBC.x86_64 unixODBC-devel.i686 unixODBC-devel.x86_64
ksh无用 yum install -y ksh 需要安装pdksh，另外还需要安装elfutils-libelf-devel
wget
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel
否则会提示缺少package
2.8创建安装oracle所需用户与用户组
root用户：创建Oracle安装组oinstall,数据库管理员组dba，及oracle用户
[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd -g 200 oinstall
[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd -g 201 dba
[root@oracledb ~]# useradd -u 440 -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle oracle
[root@oracledb ~]# passwd oracle
2.9 更改kernel参数
[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
#末尾添加如下
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 10523004
kernel.shmmax = 6465333657
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
执行以下命令使更改生效
[root@oracledb ~]# sysctl -p
2.10 修改系统资源限制
[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login #下面添加一条pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
2.11 创建安装目录及设置权限
创建如下的目录
[oracle@oracledb /]$ tree /u01/
/u01/
└── oracle
├── app
└── oradata
root创建
[root@oracledb ~]# mkdir –p /u01/oracle
[root@oracledb ~]# chown –R oracle:oinstall /u01
oracle创建
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /u01/oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir /u01/oracle/app
[oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /u01/oracle/app/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir /u01/oracle/oradata
[oracle@localhost ~]$ chmod 755 /u01/oracle/oradata/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi ./.bash_profile
# 在文件末尾添加
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle/app
2.12 设置oracle环境变量
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ source .bash_profile #立即生效