第一部分----nginx基本应用
源码编译安装nginx
1、安装pcre软件包（使nginx支持http rewrite模块）
yum install -y pcre
yum install -y pcre-devel
2、安装openssl-devel（使nginx支持ssl）
yum install -y openssl-devel
3、创建用户nginx
useradd nginx
passwd nginx
4、安装nginx
[root@localhost ～]tar -vzxf nginx-1.11.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@localhost ～]cd nginx-1.11.3/
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.3]# ./configure \
> --group=nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
> --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
> --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
> --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
> --http-client-body-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/client_body \
> --http-proxy-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/proxy \
> --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/fastcgi \
> --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
> --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --with-http_ssl_module \
> --with-http_gzip_static_module \
> --with-pcre
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.3]# make &&make install
5、修改配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#全局参数设置
worker_processes 1; #设置nginx启动进程的数量，一般设置成与逻辑cpu数量相同
error_log logs/error.log; #指定错误日志
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400; #设置一个nginx进程能打开的最大文件数
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024; #设置一个进程的最大并发连接数
}
#http服务相关设置
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; #设置访问日志的位置和格式
sendfile on; #是否调用sendfile函数输出文件，一般设置为on，若nginx是用来进行磁盘IO负载应用时，可以设置为off，降低系统负载
gzip on; #是否开启gzip压缩
keepalive_timeout 65; #设置长连接的超时时间
#虚拟服务器的相关设置
server {
listen 80; #设置监听的端口
server_name localhost; #设置绑定的主机名、域名或ip地址
charset koi8-r; #设置编码字符
location / {
root /var/www/nginx; #设置服务器默认网站的根目录位置
index index.html index.htm; #设置默认打开的文档
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #设置错误信息返回页面
location = /50x.html {
root html; #这里的绝对位置是/var/www/nginx/html
}
}
}
6、检测nginx配置文件是否正确
nginx -t
7、启动nginx服务
nginx
8、通过nginx -s控制nginx服务
nginx -s stop #停止服务
nginx -s quit #退出服务
nginx -s reopen #重新打开日志文件
nginx -s reload #重新加载配置文件
9、实现nginx开机自启
1、vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2、添加权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
3、设置开机自启
chkconfig nginx on
10、nginx日志文件详解
nginx日志文件分为log_format和access_log两部分