Ubuntu 14.04下Tomcat 安装过程笔记：
检查java的版本
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ sudo java -version
[sudo] password for linuxidc:
java version "1.7.0_95"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.6.4) (7u95-2.6.4-0ubuntu0.14.04.2)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.95-b01, mixed mode)
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$
查找java目录
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ whereis java
java: /usr/bin/java /etc/java /usr/lib/java /usr/bin/X11/java /usr/share/java /usr/share/man/man1/java.1.gz
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ which java
/usr/bin/java
设置环境变量
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ echo $JAVA_HOME
空行-表示没有设定该环境变量
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ JAVA_HOME=/usr/bin/java;export JAVA_HOME
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/bin/java
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$
安装Tomcat并设置环境变量
linuxidc@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ sudo cp -r apache-tomcat-8.0.33 /home/tomcat
linuxidc@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ cd /home/
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home$ ls
tomcat linuxidc
zhousp@ubuntu:/home$ cd tomcat
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home/tomcat$
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home/tomcat$ ls
bin conf lib LICENSE logs NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES RUNNING.txt temp webapps work
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home/tomcat$ cd ~
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ CATALINA_HOME=/home/tomcat;export CATALINA_HOME
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ echo $CATALINA_HOME
/home/tomcat
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$
解决conf文件夹访问权限不够的问题
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home$ sudo chmod -R 755 tomcat
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home$ ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 4月 22 12:03 ./
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4096 4月 23 11:32 ../
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 4月 22 12:03 tomcat/
drwxr-xr-x 31 linuxidc zhousp 4096 4月 23 21:30 linuxidc/
zhousp@ubuntu:/home$ cd ./tomcat
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home/tomcat$ ls
bin lib logs RELEASE-NOTES temp work
conf LICENSE NOTICE RUNNING.txt webapps
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home/tomcat$ ll
total 120
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 4月 22 12:03 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 4月 22 12:03 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 23 11:48 bin/
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 4月 22 12:14 conf/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 22 12:03 lib/
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 57011 4月 22 12:03 LICENSE*
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 23 10:39 logs/
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1444 4月 22 12:03 NOTICE*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6739 4月 22 12:03 RELEASE-NOTES*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16195 4月 22 12:03 RUNNING.txt*
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 22 12:03 temp/
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 4月 22 12:03 webapps/
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 4月 22 12:14 work/
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home/tomcat$
启动Tomcat
(使用eclipse 搭建java web编程环境时，不需要启动Tomcat，eclipse运行程序时，会自己启动Tomcat。所以，作为系统服务启动Tomcat是为了讲系统作为web服务器，对外提供web服务，而不是启动之后，eclipse才能够链接到服务器。这一点和程序链接mysql服务器的概念截然不同。）
linuxidc@ubuntu:/home/tomcat/bin$ sudo su
root@ubuntu:/home/tomcat/bin# sh startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /home/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /home/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /home/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /home/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
root@ubuntu:/home/tomcat/bin#
ubuntu下设置Tomcat服务自动启动
root@ubuntu:/home/tomcat/bin# cp catalina.sh /etc/init.d/
root@ubuntu:/home/tomcat/bin# cd /etc/init.d/
root@ubuntu:/etc/init.d# mv catalina.sh tomcat
rroot@ubuntu:/etc/init.d# ls tomcat
tomcat
root@ubuntu:/etc/init.d# vim tomcat
添加环境变量：
JAVA_HOME=/home/tomcat
CATALINA_HOME=/usr/bin/java
root@ubuntu:/etc/init.d# service tomcat start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /home/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /home/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /home/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/bin/java
Using CLASSPATH: /home/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
自动启动命令：
root@ubuntu:/# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tomcat
root@ubuntu:/# update-rc.d -f tomcat defaults
update-rc.d: warning: /etc/init.d/tomcat missing LSB information
update-rc.d: see <>
Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/tomcat ...
/etc/rc0.d/K20tomcat -> ../init.d/tomcat
/etc/rc1.d/K20tomcat -> ../init.d/tomcat
/etc/rc6.d/K20tomcat -> ../init.d/tomcat
/etc/rc2.d/S20tomcat -> ../init.d/tomcat
/etc/rc3.d/S20tomcat -> ../init.d/tomcat
/etc/rc4.d/S20tomcat -> ../init.d/tomcat
/etc/rc5.d/S20tomcat -> ../init.d/tomcat
root@ubuntu:/#
（删除自动启动）
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ update-rc.d -f tomcat remove
Removing any system startup links for /etc/init.d/tomcat ...
/etc/rc0.d/K20tomcat
update-rc.d: unlink: Permission denied
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$ sudo update-rc.d -f tomcat remove
[sudo] password for linuxidc:
Removing any system startup links for /etc/init.d/tomcat ...
/etc/rc0.d/K20tomcat
/etc/rc1.d/K20tomcat
/etc/rc2.d/S20tomcat
/etc/rc3.d/S20tomcat
/etc/rc4.d/S20tomcat
/etc/rc5.d/S20tomcat
/etc/rc6.d/K20tomcat
linuxidc@ubuntu:~$