RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;
此命令将触发以下操作：
1、首先，进程使用alter system archivelog current命令完成了日志切换操作。
2、进程将现存所有归档重做日志备份
3、开始执行实际的数据库备份操作，此时会发生一次日志切换（alter system archivelog current），同时RMAN备份剩余的归档重做日志（使用backup archivelog all命令）。
4、执行控制文件和服务器参数文件的自动备份操作。
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Oracle基础教程之通过RMAN复制数据库
RMAN备份策略制定参考内容
在CentOS 6.4下安装Oracle 11gR2(x64)
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案例：
1、查看备份前的日志信息
17:13:50 SYS@ prod>select group#,sequence#,thread#,status from v$log;
GROUP# SEQUENCE# THREAD# STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------
1 16 1 CURRENT
2 14 1 INACTIVE
3 15 1 INACTIVE
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
2、执行备份
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;
Starting backup at 03-JUL-14
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=41 STAMP=851966028
input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=42 STAMP=851966028
input archived log thread=1 sequence=15 RECID=43 STAMP=851966030
input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=44 STAMP=851966141
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0kpcfu5t_1_1 tag=TAG20140703T171541 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 03-JUL-14
Starting backup at 03-JUL-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/perftbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs2.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/tbs1.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0lpcfu61_1_1 tag=TAG20140703T171545 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:26
Finished backup at 03-JUL-14
Starting backup at 03-JUL-14
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=45 STAMP=851966231
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0mpcfu8o_1_1 tag=TAG20140703T171712 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 03-JUL-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-239333010-20140703-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 03-JUL-14
3、查看告警日志
[oracle@rh6 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/prod/prod/trace/alert_prod.log
Current log# 1 seq# 16 mem# 1: /dsk2/oradata/prod/redo01b.log
Thu Jul 03 17:13:50 2014
Archived Log entry 43 added for thread 1 sequence 15 ID 0xfaf1e60 dest 2:
Thu Jul 03 17:15:41 2014
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG
Thu Jul 03 17:15:41 2014
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 17 (LGWR switch)
Current log# 2 seq# 17 mem# 0: /dsk1/oradata/prod/redo02a.log
Current log# 2 seq# 17 mem# 1: /dsk2/oradata/prod/redo02b.log
Archived Log entry 44 added for thread 1 sequence 16 ID 0xfaf1e60 dest 2:
Thu Jul 03 17:17:11 2014
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG
Thu Jul 03 17:17:11 2014
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 18 (LGWR switch)
Current log# 3 seq# 18 mem# 0: /dsk1/oradata/prod/redo03a.log
Current log# 3 seq# 18 mem# 1: /dsk2/oradata/prod/redo03b.log
Archived Log entry 45 added for thread 1 sequence 17 ID 0xfaf1e60 dest 2:
4、备份后的日志切换信息
17:13:56 SYS@ prod>select group#,sequence#,thread#,status from v$log;
GROUP# SEQUENCE# THREAD# STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------
1 16 1 INACTIVE
2 17 1 ACTIVE
3 18 1 CURRENT
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
5、查看备份信息
RMAN> list backup of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 1.13G DISK 00:01:21 03-JUL-14
BP Key: 17 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20140703T171545
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0lpcfu61_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 17
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
2 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs1.dbf
4 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
5 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
6 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/tbs1.dbf
7 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs2.dbf
8 Full 2066885 03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/perftbs01.dbf
RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 31.11M DISK 00:00:01 03-JUL-14
BP Key: 16 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20140703T171541
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0kpcfu5t_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 16
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 13 2051289 03-JUL-14 2066660 03-JUL-14
1 14 2066660 03-JUL-14 2066663 03-JUL-14
1 15 2066663 03-JUL-14 2066666 03-JUL-14
1 16 2066666 03-JUL-14 2066878 03-JUL-14
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 104.00K DISK 00:00:00 03-JUL-14
BP Key: 18 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20140703T171712
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0mpcfu8o_1_1
List of Archived Logs in backup set 18
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 17 2066878 03-JUL-14 2066956 03-JUL-14