Tomcat+Nginx+Memcached
Ubuntu 16.04 64位测试通过
动静分类、负载均衡、集群、Javolution序列化、高性能、高可用
配置环境（目前均为最新稳定版）：
jdk-8u131-linux-x64
apache-tomcat-8.5.14
nginx-1.12.0
memcached-1.4.36
写在前面：
原本打算配置kryo序列化框架的，却怎么也弄不成功，只能用Javolution了
如果最后发现不成功一般问题都会出在Tomcat，看看日志解决
tomcat下可以部署多个项目，并且依旧动静分类
nginx配置了将jsp,servlet,do文件后缀交给Tomcat处理，可以根据情况添加
如果不使用root账号运行nginx的话，nginx的user配置是没用的
Tomcat,nginx都进行了优化配置，无需修改原工程的任何内容，直接放到Tomcat/webapps里即可
过程：
过程较长，请仔细
#sudo passwd #使用管理员来进行配置 sudo su #更新软件列表 apt-get update #安装所需依赖文件 apt-get install gcc zlib1g zlib1g-dev openssl libssl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libevent-dev #重启（建议） reboot sudo su #安装配置JDK，下载地址：http://Oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html tar -zxvf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz mv jdk1.8.0_131 /usr/local/jdk #配置JDK环境变量 sed -i '$a ulimit -n 65535' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH' /etc/profile source /etc/profile rm jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz #安装配置memcached wget http:// tar -zxvf memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz cd memcached-1.4.36 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached make && make install cd .. && rm -rf memcached-1.4.36 && rm memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz #安装配置Tomcat wget http://apache.fayea.com/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.14/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.14.tar.gz tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.14.tar.gz #下载加入lib文件以支持共享session cd apache-tomcat-8.5.14/lib wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager/2.1.1/memcached-session-manager-2.1.1.jar wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager-tc8/2.1.1/memcached-session-manager-tc8-2.1.1.jar wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/net/spy/spymemcached/2.11.1/spymemcached-2.11.1.jar wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/msm-javolution-serializer/2.1.1/msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/javolution/javolution/5.4.5/javolution-5.4.5.jar cd .. && cd .. #禁止TLDs扫描新加入的jar包 sed -i '134c xom-*.jar,javolution-5.4.5.jar,memcached-session-manager-2.1.1.jar,memcached-session-manager-tc8-2.1.1.jar,msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar,spymemcached-2.11.1.jar' apache-tomcat-8.5.14/conf/catalina.properties #tomcat的优化配置,在102行处插入内容 sed -i '102c export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1000M -Xmx1000M -Xss512k -XX:+AggressiveOpts -XX:+UseBiasedLocking -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=15 -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:+UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -Djava.awt.headless=true"' apache-tomcat-8.5.14/bin/catalina.sh rm -rf apache-tomcat-8.5.14/webapps mkdir -vp apache-tomcat-8.5.14/webapps/ROOT cp -r apache-tomcat-8.5.14 /usr/local/tomcat mv apache-tomcat-8.5.14 /usr/local/tomcat2 chown ubuntu.ubuntu -R /usr/local/tomcat chown ubuntu.ubuntu -R /usr/local/tomcat2 rm apache-tomcat-8.5.14.tar.gz #创建测试网页 touch /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp echo '<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><html><head><title>Tomcat1</title></head><body><%=session.getId()%></body></html>' >/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp touch /usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp echo '<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><html><head><title>Tomcat2</title></head><body><%=session.getId()%></body></html>' >/usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp #配置共享session #由于我们静态文件交由nginx处理，所以无需配置requestUriIgnorePattern #同时我们配置使用了Javolution序列化框架 vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml #在<Context>标签内加入下面的内容 ################################################## <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="n1:127.0.0.1:11211,n2:127.0.0.1:11311" failoverNodes="n1" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory" /> ################################################## #同样的tomcat2也需要加入内容，唯一不同是failoverNodes改为n2 vim /usr/local/tomcat2/conf/context.xml ################################################## <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="n1:127.0.0.1:11211,n2:127.0.0.1:11311" failoverNodes="n2" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory" /> ################################################## #修改端口配置，修改下面的内容 vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml ################################################## #由于我们的tomcat是运行在一台服务器上，所以需要在Engine节点分别添加jvmRoute="tomcat"和jvmRoute="tomcat2" #依旧是优化过的配置，并且没有开启gzip，因为nginx已经开启了 <Connector port="8080" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol" URIEncoding="UTF-8" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="1000" minSpareThreads="100" maxSpareThreads="1000" minProcessors="100" maxProcessors="1000" connectionTimeout="25000" acceptCount="1000" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" redirectPort="8443" /> ........ <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat"> ################################################## #同样修改tomcat2端口配置 vim /usr/local/tomcat2/conf/server.xml ################################################## <Connector port="8180" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol" URIEncoding="UTF-8" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="1000" minSpareThreads="100" maxSpareThreads="1000" minProcessors="100" maxProcessors="1000" connectionTimeout="25000" acceptCount="1000" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" redirectPort="8443" /> ........ <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2"> ################################################## #同时将Tomcat2的配置文件中所有的8080端口改为8180，8005改为8105，8009改为8109，由于是和nginx交互所以不用配置SSL #配置下面的内容来优化tomcat #安装配置apr wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz tar -zxvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz cd apr-1.5.2 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd .. && rm -rf apr-1.5.2 && rm apr-1.5.2.tar.gz #安装配置apr-util wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz cd apr-util-1.5.4 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd .. && rm -rf apr-util-1.5.4 && rm apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz #安装配置tomcat-native wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/native/1.2.12/source/tomcat-native-1.2.12-src.tar.gz tar -zxvf tomcat-native-1.2.12-src.tar.gz cd tomcat-native-1.2.12-src/native && ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd .. && cd .. && rm -rf tomcat-native-1.2.12-src && rm tomcat-native-1.2.12-src.tar.gz #配置tomcat-native环境变量 sed -i '$a export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/apr/lib' /etc/profile source /etc/profile #最后安装配置Nginx wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz cd nginx-1.12.0 && ./configure --user=ubuntu --group=ubuntu --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module make && make install chown ubuntu.ubuntu -R /usr/local/nginx cd .. && rm -rf nginx-1.12.0 && rm nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz #首先将ssl证书放入/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录下，分别为cert.crt和cert.key文件，如果不配置SSL则跳过 vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #设置nginx.conf，已经做了配置优化，如果不需要SSL则更改相应配置即可 ################################################## user ubuntu ubuntu; worker_processes auto; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; error_log logs/error.log warn; pid logs/nginx.pid; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65500; } http { server_tokens off; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; charset utf-8; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; reset_timedout_connection on; keepalive_timeout 30; open_file_cache max=65535 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; open_file_cache_valid 30s; gzip on; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_min_length 256; gzip_proxied any; gzip_vary on; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml application/xml text/x-json application/json image/svg+xml image/png image/jpeg image/x-icon image/gif text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript application/x-font-truetype application/x-font-woff application/vnd.ms-fontobject; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\."; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 32k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; upstream tomcat_server { server localhost:8080 weight=1; server localhost:8180 weight=1; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; return 301 https://$host$request_uri; } server { listen 443 ssl; server_name localhost; ssl_certificate cert.crt; ssl_certificate_key cert.key; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT; index index.html index.jsp index.htm; expires 30d; } location ~ \.(jsp|servlet|do)$ { index index.html index.jsp index.htm; proxy_pass http://tomcat_server; } error_page 400 404 414 500 502 503 504 /error.html; } } ################################################## #建议检查gzip类型中是否不存在你需要用的类型 #如果你的tomcat中配置了多个项目，只需要在nginx.conf中加入下面内容即可 location /你的项目名 { root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps; index index.html index.jsp index.htm; expires 30d; } ################################################## #保存后，输入下面的命令来检查配置 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t #重启nginx命令：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #切换至普通用户 su ubuntu #启动memcached，同时可以使用ps -ef | grep memcached查看已经开启的 /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 64M -u ubuntu -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -c 32750 -P /tmp/memcached-n1.pid /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 64M -u ubuntu -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11311 -c 32750 -P /tmp/memcached-n2.pid #启动Tomcat，务必使用普通用户运行Tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh && /usr/local/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh #启动nginx，务必使用管理员权限运行nginx sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #到这里以及能够成功访问了！多刷新几次就会发现服务器1和2是随机访问到的，并且session是相同的