MongoDB 副本集配置详解

MongoDB复制是将数据同步在多个服务器的过程。复制提供了数据的冗余备份,并在多个服务器上存储数据副本,提高了数据的可用性, 并可以保证数据的安全性。
复制还允许您从硬件故障和服务中断中恢复数据。

创建副本集时注意

版本: 各副本集服务器的MongoDB版本一致或支持同样的replSet功能

网络: 副本集内的每个成员都必须能够连接到其他成员(包括自身),启动时注意bind_ip --bind_ip_all.

配置副本集

1 建立配置文件

mongodb.conf

1 # Start MongoDB as a daemon on port 27017                                                                                                                 
  2
  3 port = 27017
  4 fork = true
  5 replSet = test_replica_set
  6 dbpath = /datatest/db
  7 logpath = /datatest/db/test.log
  8 logappend = true
  9

mongodb2.conf

2
  3 port = 27017
  4 fork = true
  5 replSet = test_replica_set
  6 dbpath = /datatest/db
  7 logpath = /datatest/db/test.log
  8 logappend = true
  9

mongodb3.conf

2
  3 port = 27017
  4 fork = true
  5 replSet = test_replica_set
  6 dbpath = /datatest/db
  7 logpath = /datatest/db/test.log
  8 logappend = true
  9

2 启动数据库

mac-abeen:bin abeen$ sudo ./mongod -f mongodb.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 37181
child process started successfully, parent exiting
mac-abeen:bin abeen$ sudo ./mongod -f mongodb2.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 37185
child process started successfully, parent exiting
mac-abeen:bin abeen$ sudo ./mongod -f mongodb3.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 37189
child process started successfully, parent exiting

3 初始化副本集

mac-abeen:bin abeen$ ./mongo --nodb
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
> config = {}
{ }
> config = {"_id": "test_replica_set", "members": [
        {"_id": 0, "host": "192.168.0.10:27017"},
        {"_id": 1, "host": "192.168.0.20:27017"},
        {"_id": 2, "host": "192.168.0.30:27017"}]}

{
    "_id" : "test_replica_set",
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 0,
            "host" : "192.168.0.10:27017"
        },
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "host" : "192.168.0.20:27017"
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "host" : "192.168.0.30:27017"
        }
    ]
}
> db = (new Mongo("192.168.0.10:27017")).getDB("test")
test
> rs.initiate(config)
{ "ok" : 1 }
test_replica_set:OTHER>


test_replica_set:PRIMARY> rs.config()
{
    "_id" : "test_replica_set",
    "version" : 1,
    "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 0,
            "host" : "192.168.0.10:27017",
            "arbiterOnly" : false,
            "buildIndexes" : true,
            "hidden" : false,
            "priority" : 1,
            "tags" : {
               
            },
            "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
            "votes" : 1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "host" : "192.168.0.20:27017",
            "arbiterOnly" : false,
            "buildIndexes" : true,
            "hidden" : false,
            "priority" : 1,
            "tags" : {
               
            },
            "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
            "votes" : 1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "host" : "192.168.0.30:27017",
            "arbiterOnly" : false,
            "buildIndexes" : true,
            "hidden" : false,
            "priority" : 1,
            "tags" : {
               
            },
            "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
            "votes" : 1
        }
    ],
    "settings" : {
        "chainingAllowed" : true,
        "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : 2000,
        "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10,
        "electionTimeoutMillis" : 10000,
        "getLastErrorModes" : {
           
        },
        "getLastErrorDefaults" : {
            "w" : 1,
            "wtimeout" : 0
        },
        "replicaSetId" : ObjectId("5850f445c8cacd70496883b0")
    }
}

4 写入数据并查看副本集数据

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