Socket接口原理及用C#语言实现(2)

  需要知道的是:Socket 类支持两种基本模式:同步和异步。其区别在于:在同步模式中,按块传输,对执行网络操作的函数(如 Send 和 Receive)的调用一直等到所有内容传送操作完成后才将控制返回给调用程序。在异步模式中,是按位传输,需要指定发送的开始和结束。同步模式是最常用的模式,我们这里的例子也是使用同步模式。

  下面看一个完整的例子,client向server发送一段测试字符串,server接收并显示出来,给予client成功响应。

//client端
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace socketsample
{
 class Class1
 {
  static void Main()
  {
   try
   {
    int port = 2000;
    string host = "127.0.0.1";
    IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(host);
    IPEndPoint ipe = new IPEndPoint(ip, port);//把ip和端口转化为IPEndPoint实例
    Socket c = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//创建一个Socket
    Console.WriteLine("Conneting...");
    c.Connect(ipe);//连接到服务器
    string sendStr = "hello!This is a socket test";
    byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sendStr);
    Console.WriteLine("Send Message");
    c.Send(bs, bs.Length, 0);//发送测试信息
    string recvStr = "";
    byte[] recvBytes = new byte[1024];
    int bytes;
    bytes = c.Receive(recvBytes, recvBytes.Length, 0);//从服务器端接受返回信息
    recvStr += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(recvBytes, 0, bytes);
    Console.WriteLine("Client Get Message:{0}", recvStr);//显示服务器返回信息
    c.Close();
   }
   catch (ArgumentNullException e)
   {
    Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException: {0}", e);
   }
   catch (SocketException e)
   {
    Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e);
   }
   Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to Exit");
   Console.ReadLine();
  }
 }
}
//server端
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace Project1
{
 class Class2
 {
  static void Main()
  {
   try
   {
    int port = 2000;
    string host = "127.0.0.1";
    IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(host);
    IPEndPoint ipe = new IPEndPoint(ip, port);
    Socket s = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//创建一个Socket类
    s.Bind(ipe);//绑定2000端口
    s.Listen(0);//开始监听
    Console.WriteLine("Wait for connect");
    Socket temp = s.Accept();//为新建连接创建新的Socket。
    Console.WriteLine("Get a connect");
    string recvStr = "";
    byte[] recvBytes = new byte[1024];
    int bytes;
    bytes = temp.Receive(recvBytes, recvBytes.Length, 0);//从客户端接受信息
    recvStr += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(recvBytes, 0, bytes);
    Console.WriteLine("Server Get Message:{0}",recvStr);//把客户端传来的信息显示出来
    string sendStr = "Ok!Client Send Message Sucessful!";
    byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sendStr);
    temp.Send(bs, bs.Length, 0);//返回客户端成功信息
    temp.Close();
    s.Close();
   }
   catch (ArgumentNullException e)
   {
    Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException: {0}", e);
   }
   catch (SocketException e)
   {
    Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e);
   }
   Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to Exit");
   Console.ReadLine();
  }
 }
}

  上面的例子是用的Socket类,System.Net.Socket命名空间还提供了两个抽象高级类TCPClient和UDPClient和用于通讯流处理的NetWorkStream,让我们看下例子

  客户端

TcpClient tcpClient=new TcpCLient(主机IP,端口号);
NetworkStream ns=tcp.Client.GetStream();

  服务端

TcpListener tcpListener=new TcpListener(监听端口);
tcpListener.Start();
TcpClient tcpClient=tcpListener.AcceptTcpClient();
NetworkStream ns=tcpClient.GetStream();

  服务端用TcpListener监听,然后把连接的对象实例化为一个TcpClient,调用TcpClient.GetStream()方法,返回网络流实例化为一个NetworlStream流,下面就是用流的方法进行Send,Receive

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