在CentOS7下,官方提供的MySQL的rpm包就是MariaDB,可查看MariaDB包信息。
[root@host ~]$rpm -qi mariadb # 需要先安装该包 Name : mariadb # 名称 Epoch : 1 Version : 5.5.52 # 版本 Release : 1.el7 # 发行版 Architecture: x86_64 # 支持安装的CPU架构 Install Date: Mon 24 Apr 2017 08:44:48 AM CST # 安装时间 Group : Applications/Databases Size : 50855896 License : GPLv2 with exceptions and LGPLv2 and BSD Signature : RSA/SHA256, Mon 21 Nov 2016 03:23:55 AM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5 Source RPM : mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.src.rpm Build Date : Tue 15 Nov 2016 09:20:59 AM CST Build Host : c1bm.rdu2.centos.org Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org> Vendor : CentOS URL : http://mariadb.org Summary : A community developed branch of MySQL Description : # 描述 MariaDB is a community developed branch of MySQL. MariaDB is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. It is a client/server implementation consisting of a server daemon (mysqld) and many different client programs and libraries. The base package contains the standard MariaDB/MySQL client programs and generic MySQL files.
根据最后一项——Description描述,MariaDB属于MySQL的社区开发分支。
同时,MariaDB是一款支持多用户、多线程的SQL数据库服务器。
MariaDB采用C/S架构,mysqld作为服务器进程,还有许多的客服端程序和库。
客户端命令mysql格式
mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
常用选项
-u, --user=username:用户名,默认为root; -h, --host=hostname:远程主机(即mysql服务器)地址,默认为localhost; 客户端连接服务端,服务器会反解客户的IP为主机名,关闭此功能(skip_name_resolve=ON); -p, --password[=PASSWORD]:USERNAME所表示的用户的密码; 默认为空; 注意:mysql的用户账号由两部分组成:'USERNAME'@'HOST'; 其中HOST用于限制此用户可通过哪些远程主机连接当前的mysql服务; HOST的表示方式,支持使用通配符: %:匹配任意长度的任意字符; 172.16.%.%, 172.16.0.0/16 _:匹配任意单个字符; -P, --port=#:mysql服务器监听的端口;默认为3306/tcp; -S, --socket=/PATH/TO/mysql.sock:套按字文件路径; -D, --database=DB_name:连接到服务器端之后,设定其处指明的数据库为默认数据库; -e, --execute='SQL STATEMENT':连接至服务器并让其执行此命令后直接返回;
注:在上面的选项中,选项和参数之间可以不使用空格分开。
示例登录mysql
[root@host ~]$mysql -uroot -p #账号root, 选项和参数可以不分开 Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 54 Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> # 表示登录成功
查看客户端常见命令MariaDB [(none)]> help General information about MariaDB can be found at http://mariadb.org List of all MySQL commands: Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';' ? (\?) Synonym for `help'. # 查看帮助 clear (\c) Clear the current input statement. # 清空当前输入的语句 connect (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host. # 重新连接服务器 delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter. # 设置语句分隔符(结束符),默认为分号';' edit (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR. # 编辑命令 ego (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically. # 发送命令至服务器,垂直显示结果 exit (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit. # 退出 go (\g) Send command to mysql server. # 发送命令至服务器 help (\h) Display this help. # 查看帮助 quit (\q) Quit mysql. # 退出 source (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument. # 读取SQL脚本 system (\!) Execute a system shell command. # 执行shell命令 tee (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile. # 设置输出文件 use (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument. # 指定数据库 charset (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets. # 指定字符集 warnings (\W) Show warnings after every statement. # 显示警告信息 nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement. # 不显示警告信息
查看mysql服务端帮助信息,可使用help contents: