安全增强型Linux（SELinux）的是一个Linux内核的功能，它提供支持访问控制的安全政策保护机制。
但是，SELinux带来的附加安全性和使用复杂性上不成比例，性价比不高
sed -i /SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/ /etc/selinux/config
/usr/sbin/sestatus -v #查看状态
二、通过分区挂载允许最少特权
服务器上 nginx 目录单独分区。例如，新建一个分区/dev/sda5(第一逻辑分区)，并且挂载在/nginx。确保 /nginx是以noexec, nodev and nosetuid的权限挂载
以下是我的/etc/fstab的挂载/nginx的信息：LABEL=/nginx /nginx ext3 defaults,nosuid,noexec,nodev 1 2
注意：你需要使用fdisk和mkfs.ext3命令创建一个新分区。
三、配置/etc/sysctl.conf强化Linux安全
你可以通过编辑/etc/sysctl.conf来控制和配置Linux内核、网络设置
# Avoid a smurf attack
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
# Turn on protection for bad icmp error messages
net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1
# Turn on syncookies for SYN flood attack protection
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Turn on and log spoofed, source routed, and redirect packets
net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians = 1
# No source routed packets here
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Turn on reverse path filtering
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
# Make sure no one can alter the routing tables
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = 0
# Don’t act as a router
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
# Turn on execshild
kernel.exec-shield = 1
kernel.randomize_va_space = 1
# Tuen IPv6
net.ipv6.conf.default.router_solicitations = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_rtr_pref = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_pinfo = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_defrtr = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.autoconf = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.dad_transmits = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.max_addresses = 1
# Optimization for port usefor LBs
# Increase system file descriptor limit
fs.file-max = 65535
# Allow for more PIDs (to reduce rollover problems); may break some programs 32768
kernel.pid_max = 65536
# Increase system IP port limits
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 2000 65000
# Increase TCP max buffer size setable using setsockopt()
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 8388608
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 87380 8388608
# Increase Linux auto tuning TCP buffer limits
# min, default, and max number of bytes to use
# set max to at least 4MB, or higher if you use very high BDP paths
# Tcp Windows etc
net.core.rmem_max = 8388608
net.core.wmem_max = 8388608
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 5000
net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1
四、删除所有不需要的Nginx模块
你需要直接通过编译Nginx源代码使模块数量最少化。通过限制只允许web服务器访问模块把风险降到最低。你可以只配置安装nginx你所需要的模块。例如，禁用SSL和autoindex模块你可以执行以下命令：
./configure –without-http_autoindex_module –without-http_ssi_module
make && make install
更改nginx版本名称、编辑文件/http/ngx_http_header_filter_module.c：
vim src/http/ngx_http_header_filter_module.c
static char ngx_http_server_string[] = “Server: nginx” CRLF;
static char ngx_http_server_full_string[] = “Server: ” NGINX_VER CRLF;
//更改为
static char ngx_http_server_string[] = “Server: Ninja Web Server” CRLF;
static char ngx_http_server_full_string[] = “Server: Ninja Web Server” CRLF;
关闭nginx版本号的显示
server_tokens off
五、基于Iptables防火墙的限制
下面的防火墙脚本阻止任何除了允许：
来自HTTP(TCP端口80)的请求
来自ICMP ping的请求
ntp(端口123)的请求输出
smtp(TCP端口25)的请求输出
六、控制缓冲区溢出攻击
编辑和设置所有客户端缓冲区的大小限制如下：
client_body_buffer_size 1K;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
client_max_body_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 2 1k;
client_body_buffer_size 1k（默认8k或16k）这个指令可以指定连接请求实体的缓冲区大小。如果连接请求超过缓存区指定的值，那么这些请求实体的整体或部分将尝试写入一个临时文件。
client_header_buffer_size 1k-指令指定客户端请求头部的缓冲区大小。绝大多数情况下一个请求头不会大于1k，不过如果有来自于wap客户端的较大的cookie它可能会大于 1k，Nginx将分配给它一个更大的缓冲区，这个值可以在large_client_header_buffers里面设置。