我们编写Action的时候很多时候需要调用基类里的HttpContext，比如获取Request对象，获取Path，获取Headers等等，所以有的时候需要自己实例化HttpContext以进行测试。
var ctrl = new AccountController(); ctrl.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(); ctrl.ControllerContext.HttpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
对HttpContext.SignInAsync进行mock
我们使用ASP.NET Core框架进行登录认证的时候，往往使用HttpContext.SignInAsync进行认证授权，所以单元测试的时候也需要进行mock。下面是一个典型的登录Action，对密码进行认证后调用SignInAsync在客户端生成登录凭证，否则跳到登录失败页面。
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(string password) { if (password == "123") { var claims = new List<Claim> { new Claim("UserName","x") }; var authProperties = new AuthenticationProperties { }; var claimsIdentity = new ClaimsIdentity( claims, CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme); await HttpContext.SignInAsync( CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme, new ClaimsPrincipal(claimsIdentity), authProperties); return Redirect("login_success"); } return Redirect("login_fail"); }
HttpContext.SignInAsync其实个时扩展方法，SignInAsync其实最终是调用了IAuthenticationService里的SignInAsync方法。所以我们需要mock的就是IAuthenticationService接口，否者代码走到HttpContext.SignInAsync会提示找不到IAuthenticationService的service。而IAuthenticationService本身是通过IServiceProvider注入到程序里的，所以同时需要mock接口IServiceProvider。
[TestMethod()] public async Task LoginTest() { var ctrl = new AccountController(); var authenticationService = new Mock<IAuthenticationService>(); var sp = new Mock<IServiceProvider>(); sp.Setup(s => s.GetService(typeof(IAuthenticationService))) .Returns(() => { return authenticationService.Object; }); ctrl.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(); ctrl.ControllerContext.HttpContext = new DefaultHttpContext(); ctrl.ControllerContext.HttpContext.RequestServices = sp.Object; var result = await ctrl.Login("123"); Assert.IsNotNull(result); Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result, typeof(RedirectResult)); var rr = result as RedirectResult; Assert.AreEqual("login_success", rr.Url); result = await ctrl.Login("1"); Assert.IsNotNull(result); Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result, typeof(RedirectResult)); rr = result as RedirectResult; Assert.AreEqual("login_fail", rr.Url); }
对HttpContext.AuthenticateAsync进行mock
HttpContext.AuthenticateAsync同样比较常用。这个扩展方法同样是在IAuthenticationService里，所以测试代码跟上面的SignInAsync类似，只是需要对AuthenticateAsync继续mock返回值success or fail。
public async Task<IActionResult> Login() { if ((await HttpContext.AuthenticateAsync()).Succeeded) { return Redirect("/home"); } return Redirect("/login"); }
测试用例：
[TestMethod()] public async Task LoginTest1() { var authenticationService = new Mock<IAuthenticationService>(); //设置AuthenticateAsync为success authenticationService.Setup(s => s.AuthenticateAsync(It.IsAny<HttpContext>(), It.IsAny<string>())) .ReturnsAsync(AuthenticateResult.Success(new AuthenticationTicket(new System.Security.Claims.ClaimsPrincipal(), ""))); var sp = new Mock<IServiceProvider>(); sp.Setup(s => s.GetService(typeof(IAuthenticationService))) .Returns(() => { return authenticationService.Object; }); var ctrl = new AccountController(); ctrl.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(); ctrl.ControllerContext.HttpContext = new DefaultHttpContext(); ctrl.ControllerContext.HttpContext.RequestServices = sp.Object; var act = await ctrl.Login(); Assert.IsNotNull(act); Assert.IsInstanceOfType(act, typeof(RedirectResult)); var rd = act as RedirectResult; Assert.AreEqual("/home", rd.Url); //设置AuthenticateAsync为fail authenticationService.Setup(s => s.AuthenticateAsync(It.IsAny<HttpContext>(), It.IsAny<string>())) .ReturnsAsync(AuthenticateResult.Fail("")); act = await ctrl.Login(); Assert.IsNotNull(act); Assert.IsInstanceOfType(act, typeof(RedirectResult)); rd = act as RedirectResult; Assert.AreEqual("/login", rd.Url); }
Filter进行测试
我们写Controller的时候往往需要配合很多Filter使用，所以Filter的测试也很重要。下面演示下如何对Fitler进行测试。