Oracle 11g备库无法开启ADG的原因分析

今天碰到一个有些奇怪的问题,但是奇怪的现象背后都是有本质的因果。
 下午在做一个环境的检查时,发现备库是在mount阶段,这可是一个11gR2的库,没有ADG实在是太浪费了,对于这种情况感觉太不应该了。
 所以尝试启动至open阶段,发现状态一直是read only,在ADG中应该是READ ONLY WITH APPLY才对啊。
 使用dg broker设置为READ-ONLY,备库的数据库日志如下:
    Standby Database:          stestdb3, Enabled Physical Standby (0x02010000)
 08/14/2014 16:03:28
 version check on database stestdb3 detected stale metadata,
      requesting update from primary database
 Creating process RSM0
 12/29/2015 16:28:11
 Command EDIT DATABASE stestdb3 SET STATE = READ-ONLY completed
 Read-Only state no longer supported
 12/29/2015 16:29:10
似乎也看不出来什么端倪。使用dg broker查看一下。发现报了下面的错误。
DGMGRL> show configuration;
 Configuration - testdb
  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    testdbbak93 - Primary database
    stestdb3    - Physical standby database
      Error: ORA-16766: Redo Apply is stopped
 Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
 Configuration Status:
 ERROR
查看dg broker的日志如下:   
Data Guard Broker initializing...
 Data Guard Broker initialization complete
 Tue Dec 29 16:47:15 2015
 SMON: enabling cache recovery
 No Resource Manager plan active
 Physical standby database opened for read only access.
 Completed: alter database open
 Tue Dec 29 16:47:16 2015
 idle dispatcher 'D000' terminated, pid = (18, 1)
 Tue Dec 29 16:51:40 2015
 Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
 RFS[3]: Assigned to RFS process 3596
 RFS[3]: Selected log 7 for thread 1 sequence 72606 dbid -1549369665 branch 746558785
 Tue Dec 29 16:51:41 2015
 RFS[4]: Assigned to RFS process 3590
 RFS[4]: Selected log 8 for thread 1 sequence 72605 dbid -1549369665 branch 746558785
 Tue Dec 29 16:51:42 2015
 Archived Log entry 69432 added for thread 1 sequence 72605 ID 0xa829ec3b dest 2:
从上面的情况可以很明显看到,确实MRP没有开始工作,只有RFS在接收归档。
 然后使用dg broker把备库设置为ONLINE状态,再次查看dg broker的检查,发现检查就没有问题了。
DGMGRL> show configuration;
 Configuration - testdb
  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    testdbbak93 - Primary database
    stestdb3    - Physical standby database
 Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
 Configuration Status:
 SUCCESS
总体感觉这不是一个11g的库。
 然后再次尝试,手工启动到open阶段,然后可以看到备库还是READ ONLY,重启之后问题依然存在。
 对于这个问题,最好的方式也还是查看日志,这个备库是一年前重启的了,庆幸的是数据库日志依然存在。从当时的启动情况来看,也没有其它的错误。
 但是我注意到了compatible这个参数,因为在11g的库中还是比较显眼的。所以这个参数引起了我的好奇。
 结果带着疑问在MOS一查,果然有几篇相关的文章,看来又碰上一个遗留问题,而且有一个相关的BUG描述。
ACTIVE DATAGUARD (ADG) NOT POSSIBLE WITH COMPATIBLE < 11.1.0.0.0 (Doc ID 1363396.1)
 BUG:13032521 - ADG PHYSICAL STANDBY GOES TO MOUNT STATE INSTEAD OF READ ONLY WITH APPLY
问题基本定位后,主备库中查看这个参数都是10.2.0.5.0
 SQL> show parameter compa
 NAME                                TYPE        VALUE
 ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
 compatible                          string      10.2.0.5.0
那么按照bug描述的WA,是设置备库的compatible为11.1.0.7以上,这个参数的修改需要重启实例,所以还是比较影响的,主库目前是没法重启了。
SQL> alter system set compatible='11.2.0.3.0';
 alter system set compatible='11.2.0.3.0'
                  *
 ERROR at line 1:
 ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified
现在备库设置一番,先看看行不行。
SQL>  alter system set compatible='11.2.0.3.0' scope=spfile;
 System altered.
重启时,可以看到备库的数据库日志有下面这么一段输出。
Tue Dec 29 17:25:26 2015
 Spfile /U01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.3/db_1/dbs/spfiletestdb.ora is in old pre-11 format and compatible >= 11.0.0; converting to new H.A.R.D. compliant format.
 Completed: alter database mount
但是再次设置为ONLINE,查看数据库状态依旧是MOUNT
 SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
 OPEN_MODE
 --------------------
 READ ONLY
看来备库修改还不行,主库也得修改一致。
 不过查看数据库日志可以看到下面的这么一段内容,发现MRP启动失败。
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE  THROUGH ALL SWITCHOVER DISCONNECT  USING CURRENT LOGFILE
 Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (testdb)
 Tue Dec 29 17:57:03 2015
 MRP0 started with pid=29, OS id=17740
 MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (testdb)
  started logmerger process
 Tue Dec 29 17:57:08 2015
 Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time Apply
 Parallel Media Recovery started with 16 slaves
 Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived...
 All non-current ORLs have been archived.
 Media Recovery Log /U01/app/oracle/fra/StestDB3/archivelog/2015_12_29/o1_mf_1_72606_c84n0xml_.arc
 Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE  THROUGH ALL SWITCHOVER DISCONNECT  USING CURRENT LOGFILE
 Errors with log /U01/app/oracle/fra/StestDB3/archivelog/2015_12_29/o1_mf_1_72606_c84n0xml_.arc
 MRP0: Background Media Recovery terminated with error 38800
 Errors in file /U01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/stestdb3/testdb/trace/testdb_pr00_17745.trc:
 ORA-38800: Cannot start Redo Apply on the open physical standby database
 Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply
 Recovery interrupted!
 MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (testdb)
看来这个参数变化影响确实不小,备库先恢复正常状态再说,等协调主库重启再处理了,所以开始恢复参数原有的设置。把compatible设置为10.2.0.5.0
 ?但是重启的时候就开始报错了。
SQL> alter database mount;
 alter database mount
 *
 ERROR at line 1:
 ORA-00201: control file version 11.2.0.3.0 incompatible with ORACLE version
 10.2.0.5.0
 ORA-00202: control file: '/U01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl'
这个问题看似还有余地,在主库生成备库控制文件,传输过去,mount就没有问题了
 主库:
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/std1.ctl';                 
 Database altered.
 ?备库:
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
 Database altered.
但是这个时候查看备库的数据库日志,发现问题貌似变麻烦了。文件头部已经修改,已经不同步了。
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  managed standby database disconnect from session 
 Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (testdb)
 Tue Dec 29 18:28:13 2015
 MRP0 started with pid=30, OS id=24283
 MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (testdb)
  started logmerger process
 Tue Dec 29 18:28:18 2015
 Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply
 Read of datafile '/U01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' (fno 1) header failed with ORA-01130
 Rereading datafile 1 header failed with ORA-01130
 MRP0: Background Media Recovery terminated with error 1110
 Errors in file /U01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/stestdb3/testdb/trace/testdb_pr00_24288.trc:
 ORA-01110: data file 1: '/U01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
 ORA-01122: database file 1 failed verification check
 ORA-01110: data file 1: '/U01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
 ORA-01130: database file version 11.2.0.3.0 incompatible with ORACLE version 10.2.0.5.0
 Slave exiting with ORA-1110 exception
 Errors in file /U01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/stestdb3/testdb/trace/testdb_pr00_24288.trc:
 ORA-01110: data file 1: '/U01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
 ORA-01122: database file 1 failed verification check
 ORA-01110: data file 1: '/U01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf'
 ORA-01130: database file version 11.2.0.3.0 incompatible with ORACLE version 10.2.0.5.0
 Recovery Slave PR00 previously exited with exception 1110
 MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (testdb)
 Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  managed standby database disconnect from session

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