第三部分 Hadoop 2.2安装过程
由于hadoop集群中每个机器上面的配置基本相同,所以我们先在namenode上面进行配置部署,然后再复制到其他节点。所以这里的安装过程相当于在每台机器上面都要执行。但需要注意的是集群中64位系统和32位系统的问题。
1、 解压文件
将第一部分中下载的hadoop-2.2.tar.gz解压到/home/hduser路径下(或者将在64位机器上编译的结果存放在此路径下)。然后为了节省空间,可删除此压缩文件,或将其存放于其他地方进行备份。
注意:每台机器的安装路径要相同!!
2、 hadoop配置过程
配置之前,需要在cloud001本地文件系统创建以下文件夹:
~/dfs/name
~/dfs/data
~/temp
这里要涉及到的配置文件有7个:
~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh
~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/slaves
~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
以上个别文件默认不存在的,可以复制相应的template文件获得。
配置文件1:hadoop-env.sh
修改Java_HOME值(export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_40)
配置文件2:yarn-env.sh
修改JAVA_HOME值(exportJAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_40)
配置文件3:slaves (这个文件里面保存所有slave节点)
写入以下内容:
cloud002
cloud003
配置文件4:core-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://cloud001:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
<value>131072</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/hduser/tmp</value>
<description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.proxyuser.hduser.hosts</name>
<value>*</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.proxyuser.hduser.groups</name>
<value>*</value>
</property>
</configuration>
配置文件5:hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
<value>cloud001:9001</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/hduser/dfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/hduser/dfs/data</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>3</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</configuration>
配置文件6:mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
<value>cloud001:10020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
<value>cloud001:19888</value>
</property>
</configuration>
配置文件7:yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
<value>cloud001:8032</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
<value> cloud001:8030</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
<value> cloud001:8031</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
<value> cloud001:8033</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
<value> cloud001:8088</value>
</property>
</configuration>
3、复制到其他节点
这里可以写一个shell脚本进行操作(有大量节点时比较方便)
cp2slave.sh
#!/bin/bash
scp–r /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0 hduser@cloud002:~/
scp–r /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0 hduser@cloud003:~/
注意:由于我们集群里面001是64bit 而002和003是32bit的,所以不能直接复制,而采用单独安装hadoop,复制替换相关配置文件:
Cp2slave2.sh
#!/bin/bash
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/slaveshduser@cloud002:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/slaves
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/slaveshduser@cloud003:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/slaves
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/core-site.xmlhduser@cloud002:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml hduser@cloud003:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xmlhduser@cloud002:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xmlhduser@cloud003:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xmlhduser@cloud002:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xmlhduser@cloud003:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xmlhduser@cloud002:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
scp /home/hduser/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xmlhduser@cloud003:~/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
4、启动验证
4.1 启动hadoop
进入安装目录: cd ~/hadoop-2.2.0/
格式化namenode:./bin/hdfs namenode –format
启动hdfs: ./sbin/start-dfs.sh
此时在001上面运行的进程有:namenode secondarynamenode
002和003上面运行的进程有:datanode
启动yarn: ./sbin/start-yarn.sh
此时在001上面运行的进程有:namenode secondarynamenoderesourcemanager
002和003上面运行的进程有:datanode nodemanaget
查看集群状态:./bin/hdfs dfsadmin –report
查看文件块组成: ./bin/hdfsfsck / -files -blocks
查看HDFS: :50070
查看RM: 16.187.94.161:8088
4.2 运行示例程序:
先在hdfs上创建一个文件夹
./bin/hdfs dfs –mkdir /input
./bin/hadoop jar ./share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.2.0.jarrandomwriter input
PS:dataNode 无法启动是配置过程中最常见的问题,主要原因是多次format namenode 造成namenode 和datanode的clusterID不一致。建议查看datanode上面的log信息。解决办法:修改每一个datanode上面的CID(位于dfs/data/current/VERSION文件夹中)使两者一致。还有一种解决方法见下面6楼评论!