1. 背景
* 在生产环境下,安全总是无法忽视的问题,数据库安全则是重中之重,因为所有的数据都存放在数据库中
* 当使用非加密方式连接MySQL数据库时,在网络中传输的所有信息都是明文的,可以被网络中所有人截取,敏感信息可能被泄露。在传送敏感信息(如密码)时,可以采用SSL连接的方式。
* 版本小于5.7.6时按照 MySQL 5.6 SSL配置的方式进行 。
2. MySQL 连接方式
* socket连接
* TCP非SSL连接
* SSL安全连接
* SSL + 密码连接 [version > MySQL 5.7.5]
* SSL + 密码 + 密钥连接
3. SSL 简介
* SSL指的是SSL/TLS,其是一种为了在计算机网络进行安全通信的加密协议。假设用户的传输不是通过SSL的方式,那么其在网络中以明文的方式进行传输,而这给别有用心的人带来了可乘之机。所以,现在很多网站其实默认已经开启了SSL功能,比如Facebook、Twtter、YouTube、淘宝等。
4. 环境 [ 关闭SeLinux ]
* system 环境
[root@MySQL ~]# cat /etc/RedHat-release
CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
[root@MySQL ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-696.3.2.el6.x86_64
[root@MySQL ~]# getenforce
Disabled
* MySQL 环境 [ MySQL 5.7安装前面篇章已做详细介绍 ]
have_openssl 与 have_ssl 值都为DISABLED表示ssl未开启
[root@MySQL ~]# mysql -p'123'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.18 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'have%ssl%';
+---------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+----------+
| have_openssl | DISABLED |
| have_ssl | DISABLED |
+---------------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'port';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| port | 3306 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'datadir';
+---------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------------------+
| datadir | /data/mysql_data/ |
+---------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
5. SSL配置
* 利用自带工具生成SSL相关文件
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/data/mysql_data
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..........................................................................+++
.....+++
writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.......................................................................................................................................................................+++
...+++
writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.....................+++
...........................................+++
writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'
-----
* 查看生成的SSL文件
[root@MySQL ~]# ls -l /data/mysql_data/*.pem
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1074 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/ca.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1078 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/client-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/client-key.pem
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/private_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 451 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/public_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1078 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/server-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Jun 24 20:54 /data/mysql_data/server-key.pem