背景：VMware 安装CentOS 7时，yum install mysql时默认安装的mariadb，不是很习惯。
MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，主要由开源社区在维护，采用GPL授权许可 MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。
正确安装mysql的方法：
众所周知，Linux系统自带的repo是不会自动更新每个软件的最新版本（基本都是比较靠后的稳定版），所以无法通过yum方式安装MySQL的高级版本。所以我们需要先安装带有当前可用的mysql5系列社区版资源的rpm包。
#######安装rpm包[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpmPreparing... ################################# [100%]Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
这时查看当前可用的mysql安装资源：
[root@linuxidc ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 14mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 17mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 139
从上面的列表可以看出， mysql56-community/x86_64 和 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 可以使用。因此，我们就可以直接用yum方式安装了MySQL5.6版本了。
[root@linuxidc ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-serverLoaded plugins: axelget, langpacksNo metadata available for baseNo metadata available for epelNo metadata available for extras
(Failed to load module fastestmirror: No module named fastestmirror)repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 update mysql-connectors-community metadata successfully
(Failed to load module fastestmirror: No module named fastestmirror)repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 update mysql-tools-community metadata successfully
(Failed to load module fastestmirror: No module named fastestmirror)repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 update mysql56-community metadata successfullyNo metadata available for updates
mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql56-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 7.3 kB 00:00:00 (2/3): mysql56-community/x86_64/primary_db | 83 kB 00:00:01 mysql-tools-community/x86_64/p FAILED ============================================== ] 19 kB/s | 92 kB 00:00:00 ETA : [Errno 12] Timeout on : (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 3 seconds')Trying other mirror.
(3/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 15 kB 00:00:00 Resolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.24-3.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) = 5.6.24-3.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) = 5.6.24-3.el7 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 for package: 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13 for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Test) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Log) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size=======================================================================================================================================================================Installing:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.24-3.el7 mysql56-community 19 M
replacing mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0
mysql-community-devel x86_64 5.6.24-3.el7 mysql56-community 3.4 M
replacing mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.24-3.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.24-3.el7 mysql56-community 58 MInstalling for dependencies:
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.24-3.el7 mysql56-community 256 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 kTransaction Summary=======================================================================================================================================================================Install 4 Packages (+7 Dependent packages)Total download size: 83 MDownloading packages:mysql-community-devel-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 3.4 MB 00:00:03 mysql-community-client-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:00:05 mysql-community-server-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 58 MB 00:00:11 mysql-community-libs-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:02 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 0 B 00:00:01 ...
perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00 (1/6): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00 (2/6): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00 (3/6): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00 (4/6): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00 (5/6): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00 warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 00:00:01 ETA Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(6/6): mysql-community-common-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 256 kB 00:00:01 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 388 kB/s | 692 kB 00:00:01 Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysqlImporting GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.Oracle.com>"
Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed) From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysqlRunning transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transactionWarning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 1/14
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 2/14
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 3/14
Installing : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 4/14
Installing : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 5/14
Installing : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 6/14
Installing : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 7/14
Installing : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 8/14
Installing : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 9/14
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 10/14
Installing : mysql-community-devel-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 11/14
Erasing : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64 12/14
Erasing : 1:mariadb-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64 13/14
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64 14/14
Verifying : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 1/14
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 2/14
Verifying : mysql-community-devel-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 3/14
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 4/14
Verifying : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 5/14
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 6/14
Verifying : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 7/14
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.24-3.el7.x86_64 8/14
Verifying : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 9/14
Verifying : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 10/14
Verifying : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 11/14
Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64 12/14
Verifying : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64 13/14
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.41-2.el7_0.x86_64 14/14 Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.24-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7
perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 Replaced:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 Complete!
安装完MySQL后，需要进行一些基础配置工作：
#######安装成功后，将其加入开机启动
[root@linuxidc ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
#######启动mysql服务进程
[root@linuxidc ~]# systemctl start mysqld
#######配置mysql（设置密码等）
[root@linuxidc ~]# mysql_secure_installation