系统环境:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/RedHat-release
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
[root@localhost tools]# uname -a
Linux localhost 2.6.32-573.22.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Mar 23 03:35:39 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost tools]#
软件准备:
[root@localhost tools]# pwd
/opt/tools
[root@localhost tools]# ll
total 674208
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 639864682 Jul 22 17:47 mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 50516207 May 25 12:01 mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz
[root@localhost tools]#
解压安装:
[root@localhost tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost tools]# ll
total 674212
drwxr-xr-x 9 7161 wheel 4096 May 25 15:04 mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 639864682 Jul 22 17:47 mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 50516207 May 25 12:01 mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz
[root@localhost tools]#
[root@localhost tools]# mv mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost tools]#
初始化操作(生成初始密码):
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
2016-07-22T09:58:15.001776Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-07-22T09:58:15.062066Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-07-22T09:58:15.073009Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: cebfb8a6-4ff2-11e6-8c8d-005056a01a07.
2016-07-22T09:58:15.074370Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-07-22T09:58:15.075736Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: k_1ljzVh3<-,
[root@localhost mysql]#
PS: mysql5.7新特性：由上面可以看出， mysql_install_db 已经不再推荐使用了，建议改成 mysqld --initialize 完成实例初始化。
加入MySQL为系统服务:
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list|grep mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@localhost mysql]#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
MySQL服务启动、重启、停止
[root@localhost mysql]# serivce mysqld start
[root@localhost mysql]# serivce mysqld stop
[root@localhost mysql]# serivce mysqld restart
[root@localhost mysql]#
设置环境变量:
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost mysql]#
检查MySQL是否能开启
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
若改用了， 则在启动服务时会出现如下错误：
# ./support-files/mysql.server start
./support-files/mysql.server: line 276: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
这时候我们需要修改/support-files/mysql.server文件的basedir和datadir目录路径为我们正确的mysql的basedir和datadir路径， 如下：
# vim support-files/mysql.server
--------------------------
...
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
...
--------------------------
# ./support-files/mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
创建配置文件
将默认生成的my.cnf备份
# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
[root@localhost support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
初始化mysql用户root的密码
先将mysql服务停止
# service mysqld stop
进入mysql安装目录， 执行：
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# ./bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking&
[1] 6225
[root@localhost mysql]# 151110 02:46:08 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
151110 02:46:08 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql/data
另外打开一个终端(p.s. 如果是ssh连接登录的, 另外创建一个ssh连接即可）， 执行操作如下：
# mysql -u root mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.13 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
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affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.