某发票开发测试库升级
升级前准备，此次升级只是很对测试环境数据库升级，所以没有事先一个月来获取系统，数据库的统计信息，机器性能比对
为了加快升级只是清理了以下信息
01.截断SYS.AUD$基表:
SQL>TRUNCATE TABLE SYS.AUD$;
02.清理DBA回收站:
SQL>purge DBA_RECYCLEBIN;
1.升级开始，升级前首先断开测试环境的中间件应用
查看本机的Oracle_HOME
[oracle@Oel_10 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/opt/product/10.2.0/db_1
2.把10.2.0.5的补丁p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip放到/oinstall目录下
[root@Oel_10 ~]# cd /oinstall/
[root@Oel_10 oinstall]# unzip p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip 解压完成后，再赋予相应的权限，Disk1为10.2.0.5的解压的PATCH目录
[root@Oel_10 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /oinstall/
[root@Oel_10 oinstall]# ls -al
total 1221952
drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 29 2010 Disk1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1249857866 Nov 22 17:24 p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip
3.确定当前的数据库版本
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 10.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
5.在做升级之前先要进行备份，备份数据库软件与数据文件，备份重中之重
01.数据库软件用tar 命令备份即可（略）
02.数据库本身备份利用RMAN即可（略）
03.备份完成后开始停止相应的服务
instance SQL>shutdown immediate
listener $lsnrctl stop
EM $emctl stop dbconsole
6.开始安装补丁，首以root用户先进入图形化界面
[root@Oel_10 ~]# xhost +
[root@Oel_10 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@Oel_10 ~]$ cd /oinstall/
[oracle@Oel_10 oinstall]$ cd Disk1/
[oracle@Oel_10 Disk1]$ ls
install patch_note.htm response runInstaller stage
开始安装补丁
[oracle@Oel_10 Disk1]$ ./runInstaller
.
.
图形化安装，与安装oracle软件一致，此处忽略安装过程
.
.
7.安装完成后，以upgrade模式启动数据库，升级数据字典
SQL>startup upgrade
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------------------
OPEN MIGRATE
确认此时instance状态为OPEN MIGRATE（）
升级数据库的大版本或大的patch的时候总是需要升级现有数据库的数据字典，升级数据字段的原因是因为随着Oracle版本的升级，
某些对象的属性需要改变，以便保证系统的的数据词典的完整性和有效性这些变更都是在升级脚本$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql中。
以升级模式启动数据库后，开始升级数据字典
SQL>@/opt/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/catupgrd.sql
升级数据字典时，可以看到相应的操作
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Type created.
Grant succeeded.
Package created.
No errors.
Table created.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
View created.
Synonym created.
进而进一步验证了catupgrd.sql作用，升级完数据字典后，sqlplus下会出现以下信息
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP RUL 2012-11-23 06:56:47
DBUA_TIMESTAMP RUL VALID 2012-11-23 06:56:47
COMP_TIMESTAMP UPGRD_END 2012-11-23 06:58:01
.
Oracle Database 10.2 Upgrade Status Utility 11-23-2012 06:58:01
.
Component Status Version HH:MM:SS
Oracle Database Server VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:07:52
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:56
Oracle XDK VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:23
Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:12
Oracle Text VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:18
Oracle XML Database VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:02:02
Oracle Workspace Manager VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:36
Oracle Data Mining VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:15
OLAP Analytic Workspace VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:16
OLAP Catalog VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:42
Oracle OLAP API VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:31
Oracle interMedia VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:02:21
Spatial VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:01:32
Oracle Expression Filter VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:06
Oracle Enterprise Manager VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:30
Oracle Rule Manager VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:06
.
Total Upgrade Time: 00:20:01
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>
DOC> The above PL/SQL lists the SERVER components in the upgraded
DOC> database, along with their current version and status.
DOC>
DOC> Please review the status and version columns and look for
DOC> any errors in the spool log file. If there are errors in the spool
DOC> file, or any components are not VALID or not the current version,
DOC> consult the Oracle Database Upgrade Guide for troubleshooting
DOC> recommendations.
DOC>
DOC> Next shutdown immediate, restart for normal operation, and then
DOC> run utlrp.sql to recompile any invalid application objects.
DOC>
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
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