Cisco下的HSRP以及HUAWEI下的VRRP

热备份路由器协议HSRP和虚拟路由器冗余协议VRRP

HSRP:

该协议中含有多台路由器,对应一个HSRP组。该组中只有一个路由器承担转发用户流量的职责,这就是活动路由器。当活动路由器失效后,备份路由器将承担该职责,成为新的活动路由器。这就是热备份的原理。

我们通过一个小案例说明它的热备份原理。

案例拓扑:

Cisco下的HSRP以及HUAWEI下的VRRP

实验原理:

R1作为vlan10用户的的主路由器,即vlan10用户访问inter网时,数据都走r1通过,当r1坏掉时,vlan10用户的数据可以通过r2访问internet

R2作为vlan20用户的的主路由器,即vlan20用户访问inter网时,数据都走r2通过,当r2坏掉时,vlan20用户的数据可以通过r1访问internet

当然我们还可以在sw1sw2之间做端口聚合,再做一次备份

参考配置:

r1# show run

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1199 bytes

!

version 12.4

!

hostname r1

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

ip nat outside(作为nat的外部端口)

ip virtual-reassembly

duplex auto

speed auto

!

interface FastEthernet1/0

no ip address

ip nat insidenat的内部端口)

ip virtual-reassembly

duplex auto

speed auto

!

interface FastEthernet1/0.10(划分子接口)

encapsulation dot1Q 10(封装dot1q

ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

ip nat inside

ip virtual-reassembly

standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254

standby 10 priority 120(作为vlan10的主路由器)

standby 10 preempt

standby 10 track FastEthernet0/0 30(在fa0/0上做端口监听,若出现故障优先级减30

!

interface FastEthernet1/0.20(划分子接口)

encapsulation dot1Q 20(封装dot1q

ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

ip nat inside

ip virtual-reassembly

standby 20 ip 192.168.20.254r1vlan20的备份路由器)

!

ip http server

no ip http secure-server

!

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.2

!

ip nat inside source list 1 interface FastEthernet0/0 overloadnat端口复用)

!

access-list 1 permit any

!

line con 0

exec-timeout 0 0

logging synchronous

line aux 0

line vty 0 4

!

!

End

r2#show run

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1209 bytes

!

version 12.4

!

hostname r2

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

no ip address

ip nat insidenat内部端口)

ip virtual-reassembly

shutdown

duplex auto

speed auto

!

interface FastEthernet0/0.10(划分子接口)

encapsulation dot1Q 10(封装dot1q

ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0

ip nat inside

ip virtual-reassembly

standby 10 ip 192.168.10.254r2作为vlan10的备份路由)

!

interface FastEthernet0/0.20(划分子接口)

encapsulation dot1Q 20(封装dot1q

ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0

ip nat inside

ip virtual-reassembly

standby 20 ip 192.168.20.254

standby 20 priority 120r2作为vlan10的主路由)

standby 20 preempt

standby 20 track FastEthernet1/0 30(在fa1/0上监听当路由器出现故障优先级降低30

!

interface FastEthernet1/0

ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0

ip nat outsidenat外部端口)

ip virtual-reassembly

duplex auto

speed auto

!

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2

!

ip nat inside source list 1 interface FastEthernet1/0 overloadnat端口复用)

!

access-list 1 permit any

!

line con 0

exec-timeout 0 0

logging synchronous

line aux 0

line vty 0 4

!

End

sw1#show run

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1060 bytes

!

version 12.4

hostname sw1

interface FastEthernet0/1

switchport mode trunk

!

interface FastEthernet0/10

switchport access vlan 10

!

interface FastEthernet0/14

switchport access vlan 20

!

interface FastEthernet0/15

switchport mode trunk

!

interface Vlan10

no ip address

!

interface Vlan20

no ip address

End

sw2#show run

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 987 bytes

!

version 12.4

hostname sw2

interface FastEthernet0/0

switchport mode trunk

!

interface FastEthernet0/10

switchport access vlan 10

!

interface FastEthernet0/14

switchport access vlan 20

!

interface FastEthernet0/15

switchport mode trunk

!

interface Vlan1

no ip address

!

interface Vlan10

no ip address

!

interface Vlan20

no ip address

end

isp#show run

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 669 bytes

!

version 12.4

hostname isp

!

interface Loopback1

ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

!

interface FastEthernet10

ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

!

line con 0

exec-timeout 0 0

logging synchronous

line aux 0

line vty 0 4

!

End

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