MySQL多实例安装配置方案

MySQL多实例就是,在一台机器上开启多个不同的服务端口(如:3306,3307,3308...),运行多个MySQL服务进程,这些服务进程通过不同的socket监听不同的端口提供服务。

MySQL可以共用一套安全程序,使用不同的my.cnf配置文件,启动程序,数据文件。

逻辑上是独立的,但是一个实例过载过高的时候会对其他造成影响。

MySQL多实例的作用与问题:

1.有效利用服务器资源

2.节约服务器资源

3.资源互相抢占问题

当某个服务实现并发生很高的或者有慢查询的时候,这个实例会消耗很多的内存。

二.MySQL常见的配置方案
    1.多个配置文件,多个启动程序

2.单一配置文件部署方案

三.开始安装

1.安装依赖包
    yum -y install ncurses-devel libaio-devel

2.杀掉之前的MySQL进程
    pkill mysqld
    netstat -ntlp
    ps -ef | grep mysql
    rm -f /etc/init.d/mysqld

3.创建多实例的目录结构
    mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
    tree /data

4.创建多实例的配置文件
    多实例启动文件的启动MySQL服务实质:

mysql_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

多实例启动文件的关闭MySQL服务实质

mysqladmin -uroot -p*** -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown

my.cnf
[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /data/3306/mysql.sock
 
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
 
[mysqld]
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
socket  = /data/3306/mysql.sock
basedir = /application/mysql
datadir = /data/3306/data
open_files_limit    = 1024
back_log = 600
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 3000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet =8M
sort_buffer_size = 1M
join_buffer_size = 1M
thread_cache_size = 100
thread_concurrency = 2
query_cache_size = 2M
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
#default_table_type = InnoDB
thread_stack = 192K
#transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 2M
long_query_time = 1
#log_long_format
#log-error = /data/3306/error.log
#log-slow-queries = /data/3306/slow.log
pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid
log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin
relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin
relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_binlog_size = 2M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M
#myisam_sort_buffer_size = 1M
#myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
#myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
#myisam_repair_threads = 1
#myisam_recover
 
lower_case_table_names = 1
skip-name-resolve
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
 
server-id = 1
 
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 4M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 2M
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/3306/mysql_qb3306.err
pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid

配置的时候需要注意端口,还有最后的日志需要自己知道在哪,方便排错;再有就是有一个"server-id = 1"最好每个实例的id不要一样。

mysql(启动关闭服务的脚本)
#!/bin/sh
#init
port=3306
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd="qb123"
CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"
mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"
#startup function
function_start_mysql()
{
    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
      printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
      /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
    else
      printf "MySQL is running...\n"
      exit
    fi
}
 
#stop function
function_stop_mysql()
{
    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
      printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
      exit
    else
      printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
      ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown
  fi
}
 
#restart function
function_restart_mysql()
{
    printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
    function_stop_mysql
    sleep 2
    function_start_mysql
}
 
case $1 in
start)
    function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
    function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
    function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
    printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"
esac

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