有时候在很多工作环境中，如果彼此几个机器的配置相似，我们就可以不用一遍又一遍的安装数据库软件了，我们可以为了更快的完成安装工作，在静默安装，图形安装的选择之外，还有克隆安装。不过在Oracle 10g,11g的版本中还是存在一定的差别。虽然方法有差别，但是思路都是一致的。
我们可以从源环境中直接把ORACLE_HOME给打个包，在目标环境解压即可。这个时候尽管你去尝试sqlplus,exp这些工具也能用，但是还是存在很大的风险，毕竟别把它当成绿色版的。出了问题谁都兜不住。
11g的环境中，可以使用下面的方式来安装。
到达$ORACLE_HOME/clone目录下，运行下面的脚本即可。输入的参数为ORACLE_HOME,还有ORACLE_HOME的名字，这个可以自己定义。
$ perl clone.pl ORACLE_BASE=/U01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=/U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.2/db_1 ORACLE_HOME_NAME=OraDb10g_home1
./runInstaller -clone -waitForCompletion "ORACLE_BASE=/U01/app/oracle" "ORACLE_HOME=/U01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.2/db_1" "ORACLE_HOME_NAME=OraDb10g_home1" -silent -noConfig -nowait
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 16383 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-07-24_11-19-08AM. Please wait ...Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.2.0.3.0 Production
Copyright (C) 1999, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2015-07-24_11-19-08AM.log
.................................................................................................... 100% Done.
Installation in progress (Friday, July 24, 2015 11:19:16 AM CST)
............................................................................... 79% Done.
Install successful
Linking in progress (Friday, July 24, 2015 11:19:23 AM CST)
Link successful
Setup in progress (Friday, July 24, 2015 11:20:00 AM CST)
Setup successful
End of install phases.(Friday, July 24, 2015 11:20:23 AM CST)
然后根据提示使用root运行两个脚本即可。
10g的数据库软件就得换个方式，
$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller -clone -silent -ignorePreReq ORACLE_HOME="$ORACLE_HOME" ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb10g_home1"
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
.................................................................................................... 100% Done.
Installation in progress (Friday, July 24, 2015 2:33:50 PM CST)
.......................................................................... 74% Done.
Install successful
Linking in progress (Friday, July 24, 2015 2:34:03 PM CST)
Link successful
Setup in progress (Friday, July 24, 2015 2:34:03 PM CST)
Setup successful
End of install phases.(Friday, July 24, 2015 2:34:06 PM CST)
然后根据提示运行一个脚本。
如果拿11g的ORACLE_HOME采用10g的思路，报出的错误都让人摸不着头脑，因为ORACLE_BASE早就指定了。
$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller -clone -silent -ignorePreReq ORACLE_HOME="$ORACLE_HOME" ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb10g_home1"
Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 16383 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-07-24_10-34-10AM. Please wait ...[oracle@smbionline ~]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.2.0.3.0 Production
Copyright (C) 1999, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/U01/app/oraInventory/logs/cloneActions2015-07-24_10-34-10AM.log
Values for the following variables could not be obtained from the command line or response file(s):
ORACLE_BASE
Cloning cannot continue.
不过对于这种克隆方式还是需要简单验证一下，如果出现了意料之外的问题就是弄巧成拙了。