一、多线程环境下的同步与异步
同步:A线程要请求某个资源,但是此资源正在被B线程使用中,因为同步机制存在,A线程请求不到,怎么办,A线程只能等待下去。
package com.linuxidc.org.thread.demo01;
public class Thread02 {
public synchronized void method1(){
System.out.println("method1:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public synchronized void method2(){
System.out.println("method2:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Thread02 th=new Thread02();
Thread thread1=new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
th.method1();
}
},"th1");
Thread thread2=new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
th.method2();
}
},"th2");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
观察输出结果:method1:th1 在3秒后 method2:th2 输出,这是因为method2() 与 method1()都是同步方法,而线程thread1 与 thread2操作的是同一个对象th,所以thread2在执行method2()方法时,需要先获得到th对象的锁。
异步:A线程要请求某个资源,但是此资源正在被B线程使用中,因为没有同步机制存在,A线程仍然请求的到,A线程无需等待。
package com.linuxidc.org.thread.demo01;
public class Thread02 {
public synchronized void method1(){
System.out.println("method1:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void method2(){
System.out.println("method2:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Thread02 th=new Thread02();
Thread thread1=new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
th.method1();
}
},"th1");
Thread thread2=new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
th.method2();
}
},"th2");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
观察输出结果:method1:th1 与 method2:th2 同时输出,这是因为method2 没有加同步控制,所以线程thread2在执行method2()方法时不用去获得执行权限(对象锁)。
二、数据的脏读
我们在设计业务的时候一定要考虑业务的整体性,不然就会出现数据一致性问题。
package com.linuxidc.org.thread.demo01;
public class Thread03 {
private String;
private String passWorrd="123";
public synchronized void setValue(String name,String passWord){
this.name=name;
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
this.passWorrd=passWord;
System.out.println("set:name="+this.name +" passWorrd="+this.passWorrd);
}
public void getValue(){
System.out.println("get:name="+this.name +" passWorrd="+this.passWorrd);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
final Thread03 th=new Thread03();
Thread thread=new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
th.setValue("LS", "456");
}
});
thread.start();
Thread.sleep(100);
th.getValue();
}
}