1。系统准备
安装Ubuntu13.10,设置源,之后sudo apt-get update和sudo apt-get upgrade
2。相关软件准备
(1)安装ant
sudo apt-get install ant1.7,检查安装情况ant -version出现
Apache Ant version 1.7.1 compiled on September 3 2011
表明安装成功。
(2)jdk安装配置
从官网下载jdk,解压到目录/opt/jdk
环境变量配置:sudo gedit /etc/profile文末添加内容
export Java_HOME=/opt/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
保存推出,source /etc/profile使配置生效。
检验:java -version和java均有内容(内容省了粘贴)
(3)nutch
下载nutch1.7,解压到/opt/nutch
cd /opt/nutch
bin/nutch
此时会出现用法帮助,表示安装成功了。下面进行相关配置。
step1:修改文件conf/nutch-site.xml,设置HTTP请求中agent的名字:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="https://www.linuxidc.com/configuration.xsl"?>
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
<configuration>
<property>
<name>http.agent.name</name>
<value>Friendly Crawler</value>
</property>
</configuration>
step2:创建种子文件夹
mkdir -p urls
step3:将种子URL写到文件urls/seed.txt中:sudo gedit seed.txt
step4:配置 conf/regex-urlfilter.txt
# accept anything else
# +.
# added by yoyo
+36kr.com
step5:修改conf/nutch-site.xml,在里面增加一个parser.skip.truncated属性:
<property>
<name>parser.skip.truncated</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
这是因为用tcpdump或者wireshark抓包发现,该网站的页面内容采用truncate的方式分段返回,而nutch的默认设置是不处理这种方式的,需要打开之,
参考:
step6:爬取实验
bin/nutch crawl urls -dir crawl
(4)Solr安装
下载solr4.6,解压到/opt/solr
cd /opt/solr/example
java -jar start.jar
如能正常打开网页:8983/solr/则说明成功。
3.Nutch与Solr集成
(1)环境变量设置:
sudo gedit /etc/profile 添加
export NUTCH_RUNTIME_HOME=/opt/nutch
export APACHE_SOLR_HOME=/opt/solr
(2)集成
mkdir ${APACHE_SOLR_HOME}/example/solr/conf
cp ${NUTCH_RUNTIME_HOME}/conf/schema.xml ${APACHE_SOLR_HOME}/example/solr/conf/
重启solr:
java -jar start.jar
建立索引:
bin/nutch crawl urls -dir crawl -depth 2 -topN 5 -solr:8983/solr/
出错:
Active IndexWriters :
SOLRIndexWriter
solr.server.url : URL of the SOLR instance (mandatory)
solr.commit.size : buffer size when sending to SOLR (default 1000)
solr.mapping.file : name of the mapping file for fields (default solrindex-mapping.xml)
solr.auth : use authentication (default false)
solr.auth.username : use authentication (default false)
solr.auth : username for authentication
solr.auth.password : password for authentication
Exception in thread "main" java.io.IOException: Job failed!
at org.apache.Hadoop.mapred.JobClient.runJob(JobClient.java:1357)
at org.apache.nutch.indexer.IndexingJob.index(IndexingJob.java:123)
at org.apache.nutch.indexer.IndexingJob.index(IndexingJob.java:81)
at org.apache.nutch.indexer.IndexingJob.index(IndexingJob.java:65)
at org.apache.nutch.crawl.Crawl.run(Crawl.java:155)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:65)
at org.apache.nutch.crawl.Crawl.main(Crawl.java:55)
解决方法是参考
类似的还有其他一些字段需要补充,方法是编辑 ~/solr-4.4.0/example/solr/collection1/conf/schema.xml,在<field>…</fields>中增加以下的字段:
<fields> <field type="string" stored="false" indexed="true"/>
<field type="string" stored="true" indexed="false"/>
<field type="string" stored="true" indexed="false"/>
<field type="float" stored="true" indexed="false"/>
<field type="date" stored="true" indexed="false"/></fields>
(3)验证
rm crawl/ -Rf
bin/nutch crawl urls -dir crawl -depth 2 -topN 5 -solr:8983/solr/
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