在Oracle中一般只有sys用户可以使用show parameter来查看参数的设置，如果想要普通用户也可以使用show parameter，需要给普通用户授予在V_$PARAMETER视图上SELECT权限。
Oracle官方解释：
Your output may vary depending on the version and configuration of the Oracle Database server to which you are connected. You need SELECT ON V_$PARAMETER object privileges to use the PARAMETERS clause, otherwise you will receive a message
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show parameter count
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
active_instance_count integer
cpu_count integer 2
db_file_multiblock_read_count integer 46
SQL> create user lyn identified by oracle default tablespace users;
User created.
SQL> grant connect,resource to lyn;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn lyn/oracle
Connected.
SQL> show parameter count
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> grant select on v_$parameter to lyn;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn lyn/oracle
Connected.
SQL> show parameter count
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
active_instance_count integer
cpu_count integer 2
db_file_multiblock_read_count integer 46
类似的，如果要是使用show sga，就需要将V_$SGA的select权限授予普通用户
SQL> conn lyn/oracle
Connected.
SQL> show sga
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> grant select on v_$sga to lyn;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn lyn/oracle
Connected.
SQL> show sga
Total System Global Area 313860096 bytes
Fixed Size 1336232 bytes
Variable Size 205524056 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 6336512 bytes