使用RPM软件包安装Oracle Database 18c

Oracle官方已放出18c企业版的RPM安装包，但仅限于单机版。相对于之前的版本，省去了前期规划配置的繁琐步骤。

1、下载Oracle RPM安装包

从官网选择rpm格式的安装包，下载即可。如下图：

2、使用yum安装

我这里使用的为oracle linux，软件源用的是oracle软件源，安装如下：

[root@odb03 ~]# yum -y localinstall /u02/oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

RPM安装默认的目录为/opt，安装前确保/opt拥有足够的空间。

3、配置Oracle 18c数据库

安装完成后，会产生两个文件：一个是管理oracle服务的脚本(/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c)，另一个是定义数据文件存放路径的文件(/etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c.conf)。
根据实际情况修改以上两个文件，这里修改了数据文件存放的路径为/u03/oradata以及默认的实例名为testdb。如果更改了默认的实例名，则/etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c.conf文件也该更改为对应的实例名，这里为/etc/sysconfig/oracledb_testdb-18c.conf。

[root@odb03 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_testdb-18c.conf #This is a configuration file to setup the Oracle Database. #It is used when running '/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB configure'. #Please use this file to modify the default listener port and the #Oracle data location. # LISTENER_PORT: Database listener LISTENER_PORT=1521 # ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION: Database oradata location ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION=/u03/oradata # EM_EXPRESS_PORT: Oracle EM Express listener EM_EXPRESS_PORT=5500 [root@odb03 ~]# vi /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c #!/bin/bash # # chkconfig: 2345 80 05 # Description: This script is responsible for taking care of configuring the Oracle Database and its associated services. # # processname: oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c # Red Hat or SUSE config: /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c # # Set path if path not set case $PATH in "") PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/etc export PATH ;; esac # Check if the root user is running this script if [ $(id -u) != "0" ] then echo "You must be root user to run the configurations script. Login as root user and try again." exit 1 fi # Setting the required environment variables export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_VERSION=18c export ORACLE_SID=testdb export TEMPLATE_NAME=General_Purpose.dbc export CHARSET=AL32UTF8 export PDB_NAME=kettel export LISTENER_NAME=LISTENER export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=1 export CREATE_AS_CDB=true ......

修改完成后，执行/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure命令创建数据库实例以及监听，如下：

[root@odb03 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure Configuring Oracle Database testdb. Prepare for db operation 8% complete Copying database files 31% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 32% complete 36% complete 40% complete 43% complete 46% complete Completing Database Creation 51% complete 54% complete Creating Pluggable Databases 58% complete 77% complete Executing Post Configuration Actions 100% complete Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/testdb. Database Information: Global Database Name:testdb System Identifier(SID):testdb Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/testdb/testdb.log" for further details. Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.

其实，这个configure就是调用dbca的静默模式创建数据库实例。创建完成后，根据上面的提示修改系统用户的密码即可。

4、Using 18c OEM

Oracle 18c默认会开启Enterprise Manager Database Express，修改完sys密码之后，就可以通过如下格式访问：https://ip:5500/em。

Linux公社的RSS地址：https://www.linuxidc.com/rssFeed.aspx