php mysql PDO 查询操作的实例详解

php mysql PDO 查询操作的实例详解

<?php $dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=access_control', 'root', ''); $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); $dbh->exec('set names utf8'); /*添加*/ //$sql = "INSERT INTO `user` SET `login`=:login AND `password`=:password"; $sql = "INSERT INTO `user` (`login` ,`password`)VALUES (:login, :password)"; $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); $stmt->execute(array(':login'=>'kevin2',':password'=>'')); echo $dbh->lastinsertid(); /*修改*/ $sql = "UPDATE `user` SET `password`=:password WHERE `user_id`=:userId"; $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); $stmt->execute(array(':userId'=>'7', ':password'=>'4607e782c4d86fd5364d7e4508bb10d9')); echo $stmt->rowCount(); /*删除*/ $sql = "DELETE FROM `user` WHERE `login` LIKE 'kevin_'"; //kevin% $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); $stmt->execute(); echo $stmt->rowCount(); /*查询*/ $login = 'kevin%'; $sql = "SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `login` LIKE :login"; $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); $stmt->execute(array(':login'=>$login)); while($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){ print_r($row); } print_r( $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)); ?>

1 建立连接

<?php $dbh=newPDO('mysql:host=localhost;port=3306; dbname=test',$user,$pass,array( PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT=>true )); ?>

持久性链接PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT=>true

2. 捕捉错误

<?php try{ $dbh=newPDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test',$user,$pass); $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); $dbh->exec("SET CHARACTER SET utf8"); $dbh=null; //断开连接 }catch(PDOException$e){ print"Error!:".$e->getMessage()."<br/>"; die(); } ?>

3. 事务的

<?php try{ $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); $dbh->beginTransaction();//开启事务 $dbh->exec("insertintostaff(id,first,last)values(23,'Joe','Bloggs')"); $dbh->exec("insertintosalarychange(id,amount,changedate) values(23,50000,NOW())"); $dbh->commit();//提交事务 }catch(Exception$e){ $dbh->rollBack();//错误回滚 echo"Failed:".$e->getMessage(); } ?>

4. 错误处理

a. 静默模式(默认模式)

$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_SILENT); //不显示错误 $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING);//显示警告错误,并继续执行 $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);//产生致命错误,PDOException

<?php try{ $dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password); $sql = 'Select * from city where CountryCode =:country'; $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING); $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); $stmt->bindParam(':country', $country, PDO::PARAM_STR); $stmt->execute(); while ($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) { print $row['Name'] . "/t"; } } // if there is a problem we can handle it here catch (PDOException $e) { echo 'PDO Exception Caught. '; echo 'Error with the database: <br />'; echo 'SQL Query: ', $sql; echo 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage(); } ?>

1. 使用 query()

<?php $dbh->query($sql); 当$sql 中变量可以用$dbh->quote($params); //转义字符串的数据 $sql = 'Select * from city where CountryCode ='.$dbh->quote($country); foreach ($dbh->query($sql) as $row) { print $row['Name'] . "/t"; print $row['CountryCode'] . "/t"; print $row['Population'] . "/n"; } ?>

2. 使用 prepare, bindParam和 execute [建议用,同时可以用添加、修改、删除]

<?php $dbh->prepare($sql); 产生了个PDOStatement对象 PDOStatement->bindParam() PDOStatement->execute();//可以在这里放绑定的相应变量 ?>

3. 事物

<?php try { $dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'root', ''); $dbh->query('set names utf8;'); $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); $dbh->beginTransaction(); $dbh->exec("Insert INTO `test`.`table` (`name` ,`age`)VALUES ('mick', 22);"); $dbh->exec("Insert INTO `test`.`table` (`name` ,`age`)VALUES ('lily', 29);"); $dbh->exec("Insert INTO `test`.`table` (`name` ,`age`)VALUES ('susan', 21);"); $dbh->commit(); } catch (Exception $e) { $dbh->rollBack(); echo "Failed: " . $e->getMessage(); } ?>

PDO常用方法:

PDO::query()主要用于有记录结果返回的操作(PDOStatement),特别是select操作。
PDO::exec()主要是针对没有结果集合返回的操作。如insert,update等操作。返回影响行数。
PDO::lastInsertId()返回上次插入操作最后一条ID,但要注意:如果用insert into tb(col1,col2) values(v1,v2),(v11,v22)..的方式一次插入多条记录,lastinsertid()返回的只是第一条(v1,v2)插入时的ID,而不是最后一条记录插入的记录ID。
PDOStatement::fetch()是用来获取一条记录。配合while来遍历。
PDOStatement::fetchAll()是获取所有记录集到一个中。
PDOStatement::fetchcolumn([int column_indexnum])用于直接访问列,参数column_indexnum是该列在行中的从0开始索引值,但是,这个方法一次只能取得同一行的一列,只要执行一次,就跳到下一行。因此,用于直接访问某一列时较好用,但要遍历多列就用不上。
PDOStatement::rowcount()适用于当用query("select ...")方法时,获取记录的条数。也可以用于预处理中。$stmt->rowcount();
PDOStatement::columncount()适用于当用query("select ...")方法时,获取记录的列数。

注解:

1、选fetch还是fetchall?

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