stream模式支持且只支持：tar 和 xbstream 两种格式，后者是xtrabackup提供的专有格式，解包时需要同名的专用命令处理
innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf --user=backup --password='backup' --stream=tar /tmp | gzip -> /data/mysqldata/backup/xtra_full.tar.gz innobackupex: Created backup directory /tmp 这段信息表明，流格式标准输出的数据会被临时保存到我们指定的/tmp目录 innobackupex: You must use -i (--ignore-zeros) option for extraction of the tar stream. 最后这条提示我们，解包时必须使用-i参数 [mysql@master backup]$ du -sh * 2.8G 2015-07-07_17-11-03 14M xtra_full.tar.gz 打包压缩后的差距是很大的 mkdir xbstream innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf --user=backup --password='backup' --stream=xbstream ./ > /data/mysqldata/backup/xbstream/incremental.xbstream ./是以当前目录作为临时存放备份的目录 解包 [mysql@master backup]$ cd xbstream/ [mysql@master xbstream]$ xbstream -x < incremental.xbstream [mysql@master xbstream]$ ls backup-my.cnf ibdata1 mysql sakila xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_info fandb incremental.xbstream performance_schema test xtrabackup_checkpoints xtrabackup_logfileIncremental Streaming Backups using xbstream and tar Incremental streaming backups can be performed with the xbstream streaming option. Currently backups are packed in custom xbstream format. With this feature taking a BASE backup is needed as well.
Taking a base backup:
innobackupex /data/backups
Taking a local backup:
innobackupex --incremental --incremental-lsn=LSN-number --stream=xbstream ./ > incremental.xbstream
Unpacking the backup:
xbstream -x < incremental.xbstream
Taking a local backup and streaming it to the remote server and unpacking it:
innobackupex --incremental --incremental-lsn=LSN-number --stream=xbstream ./ | / ssh user@hostname " cat - | xbstream -x -C > /backup-dir/"测试:
[mysql@master xbstream]$ xbstream -x -v < incremental.xbstream [mysql@master xbstream]$ ls backup-my.cnf ibdata1 mysql sakila xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_info fandb incremental.xbstream performance_schema test xtrabackup_checkpoints xtrabackup_logfile 可以是用-C指定解压到哪个目录 xbstream -x -v < incremental.xbstream -C /tmp [mysql@master xbstream]$ more xtrabackup_checkpoints backup_type = full-backuped from_lsn = 0 to_lsn = 143684677 last_lsn = 143684677 compact = 0 recover_binlog_info = 0官方文档示例有问题,最后改成这样:
innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf --user=backup --password='backup' --incremental --incremental-lsn=143684677 --stream=xbstream ./ | ssh mysql@192.168.255.202 " xbstream -x -C /data/mysqldata/backup/" 远程端: [mysql@slave backup]$ ls backup-my.cnf ibdata1.delta mysql sakila xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_info fandb ibdata1.meta performance_schema test xtrabackup_checkpoints xtrabackup_logfile Compact Backups当备份innodb表时,可以忽略secondary index pages.这回缩小备份集的大小.负面影响是,这回增加prepare用时,因为要重建secondary index
Compact Backups需开启innodb-file-per-table
查看xtrabackup_checkpoints可以看到compact = 1
[mysql@master 2016-08-22_22-50-51]$ more xtrabackup_checkpoints backup_type = full-backuped from_lsn = 0 to_lsn = 143789687 last_lsn = 143789687 compact = 1 recover_binlog_info = 0 Preparing Compact Backupsprepare compact backup需要指定 --reduild-indexes参数
innobackupex --apply-log --rebuild-indexes /data/mysqldata/backup/2016-08-2_22-50-51/ Restoring Compact Backups innobackupex --copy-back /path/to/BACKUP-DIR compress备份通过--compress压缩备份,指定该参数后实际会传递给xtrabackup命令,故只能备份innodb文件,通过'quicklz'算法压缩
可以使用--compress-threads增加压缩并发,提高速度
使用这种方式备份会生成以.qp结尾的压缩文件,实测2.9G的备份压缩后52M
开始备份
innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf --user=backup --password='backup' --stream=xbstream --compress --compress-threads=4 ./ > /data/mysqldata/backup/backup.xbstream解压xbstream
xbstream -x < backup.xbstream -C /data/mysqldata/backup/fan