# cat /etc/RedHat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
A主机：master IP：192.168.1.138 MySQL:# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.33
B主机：slave IP：192.168.1.9 MYSQL:# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.33
注意:mysql数据库的版本，两个数据库版本要相同，或者slave比master版本低！
2 mysql5.6.33 安装：
1 下载mysql的rpm安装包
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
2 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
[root@localhost mysql]#
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
net-tools is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64
[root@localhost mysql]# yum -y install net-tools
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml from install of MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
如果报错，就是删除mariadb的包)
[root@localhost mysql]# yum remove mariadb-libs
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /mysqldata
[root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /mysqldata
[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Tue Mar 21 01:12:42 2017 (local time): a64DA4mpLbeCaydf (5.6安装的默认密码不在是空，而是随机密码，自己要修改)
root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -pa64DA4mpLbeCaydf
mysql> set password = password('123456'); 修改root的密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123456
2.1 修改数据的data目录，配置服务器的my.cnf文件：（如果需要修改datadir，请注意SELinux和目录是否有mysql用户的权限）
/var/lib/mysql/ #数据库目录
/usr/share/mysql #配置文件目录
/usr/bin #相关命令目录
/etc/init.d/mysql #启动脚本
#mkdir -p /mysql/data
#chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/data
#cp -ar /var/lib/mysql/* /mysql/data/
#vim /etc/my.cnf
datadir = /mysqldata/data
port = 3306
socket = /mysqldata/data/mysql.sock
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
改了datadir和socket，重启成功，但是连接报错
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
[root@localhost mysql]# ss -tnlp | grep 3306
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=9413,fd=10))
这个时候在配置文件中加以下配置：
[client]
socket = /mysqldata/data/mysql.sock
[root@localhost mysqldata]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
3 在主服务器为从服务器设置一个连接账户，该账号必须授予REPLICATION SLAVE权限。
如果账户仅用于复制(推荐这样做),则不需要再授予其它任何权限。
# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'user'@'slave_ip' identified by '123456';
#mysql>grant file on *.* to 'user'@'slave_ip' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql password';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| apacex |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
创建一个测试数据库test1：
mysql> create database test1;
mysql> use test1;
mysql> create table users(id int NOT NULL,name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL);
mysql> insert into users values(1,"user1");
mysql> insert into users values(2,"user3");
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> select * from users;
+----+-------+
| id | name |
+----+-------+
| 1 | user1 |
| 2 | user3 |
+----+-------+
3.1 编辑主配置文件my.cnf
server_id = 1 #server-id用于标识唯一的数据库，这里设置为1
character_set_server = utf8
max_connections = 3000
skip-name-resolve
slow_query_log = TRUE
slow_query_log_file = /home/db/slow.log
long_query_time = 5
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = ROW
binlog-do-db = xxx ##可以被从服务器复制的库。
# binlog-ignore-db = yyy 不可以被从服务器复制的库
innodb_file_per_table = OFF
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 600
max_connect_errors = 6000
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 1
# touch /mysql/data/slow.log
# chown mysql:mysql /mysql/data/slow.log
[root@localhost data]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
登陆mysql，查看主的状态；
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+