一、创建用户
groupadd analyzer -f
useradd analyzer -d /opt/analyzer -g analyzer -p searchanalyzer
二、处理/etc/hosts文件
三、设置免密码登录（多台机器的id_rsa.pub，相互拷贝）
生成公钥、密钥：
ssh-keygen -t rsa
复制本地id_rsa.pub到远程服务器，使远程服务器登录本地可以免密码
scp
scp analyzer@10.1.4.34:/opt/analyzer/.ssh/id_rsa.pub id_rsa_pub_dir/id_rsa_xxx.pub
生成authorized_keys文件内容：
cat id_rsa_179.pub id_rsa.pub >authorized_keys
设置权限，权限问题可能导致远程免密码登录失败
chmod 644 authorized_keys
-rw-r--r-- 1 analyzer analyzer 397 May 12 16:53 authorized_keys
四、设置环境变量
[analyzer@linux434 ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
unset USERNAME
export JAVA_HOME=$HOME/jdk1.6.0_18
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export Hadoop_HOME=$HOME/hadoop
export HIVE_HOME=$HOME/hive
[analyzer@linux434 ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile
五、安装hadoop,hive
scp -r /opt/analyzer/hadoop analyzer@10.1.4.34:/opt/analyzer/hadoop
scp -r /opt/analyzer/hive analyzer@10.1.4.34:/opt/analyzer/hive
scp -r /opt/analyzer/db-derby-10.6.1.0-bin analyzer@10.1.4.34:/opt/analyzer/db-derby-10.6.1.0-bin
scp -r /opt/analyzer/jdk1.6.0_18 analyzer@10.1.4.34:/opt/analyzer/jdk1.6.0_18
六、 在新节点上启动datanode和tasktracker
/opt/analyzer/hadoop/bin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
/opt/analyzer/hadoop/bin/hadoop-daemon.sh start tasktracker
七、进行block块的均衡
在hdfs-site.xml中增加设置balance的带宽，默认只有1M：
<property>
<name>dfs.balance.bandwidthPerSec</name>
<value>10485760</value>
<description>
Specifies the maximum bandwidth that each datanode can utilize for the balancing purpose in term of the number of bytes per second.
</description>
</property>
运行以下命令：
/opt/sohuhadoop/hadoop/bin/start-balancer.sh -threshold 5
均衡10个节点，移动400G数据，大概花费了3个小时
The cluster is balanced. Exiting…
Balancing took 2.9950980555555557 hours