手把手教你mvc导入excel

1.在项目中添加对NPOI的引用，NPOI下载地址：

2.NPOI学习

NPOI下载，里面有五个dll，需要引用到你的项目，我这边用的mvc4+三层的方式架构的项目

我用的工具是(vs2012+sql2014)

准备工作做完，我们开始进入主题

1.前端页面，代码:

<div> @using (Html.BeginForm("importexcel", "foot", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" })) { <samp>请选择要上传的Excel文件：</samp> <span></span> <strong>选择文件<input type="file" /></strong>@* @Html.AntiForgeryToken() //防止跨站请求伪造(CSRF:Cross-site request forgery)攻击 *@<input type="submit" value="提交"/> } </div>

2.接下来就是控制器

public class footController : Controller { // // GET: /foot/ private static readonly String Folder = "/files"; public ActionResult excel() { return View(); } /// 导入excel文档 public ActionResult importexcel() { //1.接收客户端传过来的数据 HttpPostedFileBase file = Request.Files["file"]; if (file == null || file.ContentLength <= 0) { return Json("请选择要上传的Excel文件", JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); } //string filepath = Server.MapPath(Folder); //if (!Directory.Exists(filepath)) //{ // Directory.CreateDirectory(filepath); //} //var fileName = Path.Combine(filepath, Path.GetFileName(file.FileName)); // file.SaveAs(fileName); //获取一个streamfile对象，该对象指向一个上传文件，准备读取改文件的内容 Stream streamfile = file.InputStream; DataTable dt = new DataTable(); string FinName = Path.GetExtension(file.FileName); if (FinName != ".xls" && FinName != ".xlsx") { return Json("只能上传Excel文档",JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); } else { try { if (FinName == ".xls") { //创建一个webbook，对应一个Excel文件(用于xls文件导入类) HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(streamfile); dt = excelDAL.ImExport(dt, hssfworkbook); } else { XSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook = new XSSFWorkbook(streamfile); dt = excelDAL.ImExport(dt, hssfworkbook); } return Json("",JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); } catch(Exception ex) { return Json("导入失败 ！"+ex.Message, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); } } } }

3.业务逻辑层[excelDAL]

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using NPOI; using NPOI.SS.UserModel; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel; using System.Data; using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel; namespace GJL.Compoent { public class excelDAL { ///<summary> /// #region 两种不同版本的操作excel /// 扩展名*.xlsx /// </summary> public static DataTable ImExport(DataTable dt, XSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook) { NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0); System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator(); for (int j = 0; j < (sheet.GetRow(0).LastCellNum); j++) { dt.Columns.Add(sheet.GetRow(0).Cells[j].ToString()); } while (rows.MoveNext()) { XSSFRow row = (XSSFRow)rows.Current; DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); for (int i = 0; i < row.LastCellNum; i++) { NPOI.SS.UserModel.ICell cell = row.GetCell(i); if (cell == null) { dr[i] = null; } else { dr[i] = cell.ToString(); } } dt.Rows.Add(dr); } dt.Rows.RemoveAt(0); if (dt!=null && dt.Rows.Count != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) { string categary = dt.Rows[i]["页面"].ToString(); string fcategary = dt.Rows[i]["分类"].ToString(); string fTitle = dt.Rows[i]["标题"].ToString(); string fUrl = dt.Rows[i]["链接"].ToString(); FooterDAL.Addfoot(categary, fcategary, fTitle, fUrl); } } return dt; } #region 两种不同版本的操作excel ///<summary> /// 扩展名*.xls /// </summary> public static DataTable ImExport(DataTable dt, HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook) { // 在webbook中添加一个sheet,对应Excel文件中的sheet,取出第一个工作表，索引是0 NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0); System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator(); for (int j = 0; j < (sheet.GetRow(0).LastCellNum); j++) { dt.Columns.Add(sheet.GetRow(0).Cells[j].ToString()); } while (rows.MoveNext()) { HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)rows.Current; DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); for (int i = 0; i < row.LastCellNum; i++) { NPOI.SS.UserModel.ICell cell = row.GetCell(i); if (cell == null) { dr[i] = null; } else { dr[i] = cell.ToString(); } } dt.Rows.Add(dr); } dt.Rows.RemoveAt(0); if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) { string categary = dt.Rows[i]["页面"].ToString(); string fcategary = dt.Rows[i]["分类"].ToString(); string fTitle = dt.Rows[i]["标题"].ToString(); string fUrl = dt.Rows[i]["链接"].ToString(); FooterDAL.Addfoot(categary, fcategary, fTitle, fUrl); } } return dt; } #endregion } }