.NET Unity IOC框架的使用实例，具体内容如下
1.IOC简介
IOC(Inversion of Control)， 控制反转
DI (Dependency Injection)，依赖注入
IOC的基本概念是：不创建对象，但是描述创建它们的方式。在代码中不直接与对象和服务连接，但在配置文件中描述哪一个组件需要哪一项服务。容器负责将这些联系在一起。
2.Unity引入
3.创建单例模式容器类
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity; using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Configuration; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace UnityIocTest { /// <summary> /// Unity IOC单例模式 /// </summary> public class UnitySingleton { //单例 private static UnitySingleton instance; //ioc容器 public IUnityContainer container; //获取单例 public static UnitySingleton getInstance() { if (instance == null || instance.container == null) { string configFile = "Unity.config"; var fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap { ExeConfigFilename = configFile }; //从config文件中读取配置信息 Configuration configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None); //获取指定名称的配置节 UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)configuration.GetSection("unity"); instance = new UnitySingleton() { //container = new UnityContainer().LoadConfiguration((UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity"), "MyContainer") container = new UnityContainer().LoadConfiguration(section, "MyContainer") //container = new UnityContainer() }; //instance.container.RegisterType<IExampleClass, ExampleClass>(); } return instance; } //IOC注入实体 public static T GetInstanceDAL<T>() { return getInstance().container.Resolve<T>(); } } }
此处是将Unity config配置单独成一个文件，方便管理。
4.添加IOC相关类
接口类
public interface IExampleClass { void DoHelloWord(); }
具体实现类
public class ExampleClass : IExampleClass { public void DoHelloWord() { Console.WriteLine("Hello Word!"); } }
实现类扩展
public class DIExampleClass { //属性注入 [Dependency] public IExampleClass example { get; set; } private IExampleClass testInject; public void DoWork() { example.DoHelloWord(); testInject.DoHelloWord(); } //方法注入 [InjectionMethod] public void Initialize(IExampleClass instance) { testInject = instance; } }
5.添加配置文件Unity.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <configSections> <section type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection,Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration" /> </configSections> <unity> <!--定义类型别名--> <aliases> <add alias="IExampleClass" type="UnityIocTest.IExampleClass,UnityIocTest" /> <add alias="ExampleClass" type="UnityIocTest.ExampleClass,UnityIocTest" /> </aliases> <!--容器--> <container> <!--映射关系--> <!--<register type="IExampleClass" mapTo="ExampleClass"></register>--> <register type="UnityIocTest.IExampleClass,UnityIocTest" mapTo="UnityIocTest.ExampleClass,UnityIocTest"></register> </container> </unity> </configuration>
6.函数调用
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //var dao = UnitySingleton.GetInstanceDAL<IExampleClass>(); var dao = UnitySingleton.GetInstanceDAL<DIExampleClass>(); dao.DoWork(); Console.ReadLine(); } }