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总结
状态模式的使用场景也特别明确，有如下两点：
1.一个对象的行为取决于它的状态，并且它必须在运行时刻根据状态改变它的行为。
2.一个操作中含有大量的分支语句，而且这些分支语句依赖于该对象的状态。状态通常为一个或多个枚举常量的表示。
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