canvas实现动态小球重叠效果

在javascript运动系列中，详细介绍了各种运动，其中就包括碰壁运动。但是，如果用canvas去实现，却是另一种思路。本文将详细介绍canvas动态小球重叠效果

静态小球

首先，生成随机半径、随机位置的50个静态小球

<button>按钮</button> <canvas>当前浏览器不支持canvas，请更换浏览器后再试</canvas> <script> var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'); var H=300,W=500; btn.onclick = function(){ getBalls(); } getBalls(); function getBalls(){ canvas.height = H; if(canvas.getContext){ var cxt = canvas.getContext('2d'); for(var i = 0; i < 50; i++){ var tempR = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempG = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempB = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); cxt.fillStyle = 'rgb(' + tempR + ',' + tempG + ',' + tempB + ')'; var tempW = Math.floor(Math.random()*W); var tempH = Math.floor(Math.random()*H); var tempR = Math.floor(Math.random()*50); cxt.beginPath(); cxt.arc(tempW,tempH,tempR,0,Math.PI*2); cxt.fill(); } } } </script>

随机运动

接着，这50个小球做随机运动，需要配合定时器更新小球的运动状态。这时，需要对上面代码进行改写

<button>更新</button> <canvas>当前浏览器不支持canvas，请更换浏览器后再试</canvas> <script> btn.onclick = function(){history.go();} var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'); //存储画布宽高 var H=300,W=500; //存储小球个数 var NUM = 50; //存储小球 var balls = []; function getBalls(){ if(canvas.getContext){ var cxt = canvas.getContext('2d'); for(var i = 0; i < NUM; i++){ var tempR = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempG = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempB = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempColor = 'rgb(' + tempR + ',' + tempG + ',' + tempB + ')'; var tempX = Math.floor(Math.random()*W); var tempY = Math.floor(Math.random()*H); var tempR = Math.floor(Math.random()*30+20); var tempBall = { x:tempX, y:tempY, r:tempR, stepX:Math.floor(Math.random() * 4 -2), stepY:Math.floor(Math.random() * 4 -2), color:tempColor, disX:Math.floor(Math.random() * 3 -1), disY:Math.floor(Math.random() * 3 -1) }; balls.push(tempBall); } } } function updateBalls(){ for(var i = 0; i < balls.length; i++){ balls[i].stepY += balls[i].disY; balls[i].stepX += balls[i].disX; balls[i].x += balls[i].stepX; balls[i].y += balls[i].stepY; } } function renderBalls(){ //重置画布高度，达到清空画布的效果 canvas.height = H; if(canvas.getContext){ var cxt = canvas.getContext('2d'); for(var i = 0; i < balls.length; i++){ cxt.beginPath(); cxt.arc(balls[i].x,balls[i].y,balls[i].r,0,2*Math.PI); cxt.fillStyle = balls[i].color; cxt.closePath(); cxt.fill(); } } } getBalls(); clearInterval(oTimer); var oTimer = setInterval(function(){ //更新小球运动状态 updateBalls(); //渲染小球 renderBalls(); },50); </script>

碰壁检测

下面，增加小球的碰壁检测功能，当小球碰壁时，变为相反方向

function bumpTest(ele){ //左侧 if(ele.x <= ele.r){ ele.x = ele.r; ele.stepX = -ele.stepX; } //右侧 if(ele.x >= W - ele.r){ ele.x = W - ele.r; ele.stepX = -ele.stepX; } //上侧 if(ele.y <= ele.r){ ele.y = ele.r; ele.stepY = -ele.stepY; } //下侧 if(ele.y >= H - ele.r){ ele.y = H - ele.r; ele.stepY = -ele.stepY; } }

<button>更新</button> <canvas>当前浏览器不支持canvas，请更换浏览器后再试</canvas> <script> btn.onclick = function(){history.go();} var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'); //存储画布宽高 var H=300,W=500; //存储小球个数 var NUM = 30; //存储小球 var balls = []; function getBalls(){ if(canvas.getContext){ var cxt = canvas.getContext('2d'); for(var i = 0; i < NUM; i++){ var tempR = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempG = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempB = Math.floor(Math.random()*255); var tempColor = 'rgb(' + tempR + ',' + tempG + ',' + tempB + ')'; var tempR = Math.floor(Math.random()*30+20); var tempX = Math.floor(Math.random()*(W-tempR) + tempR); var tempY = Math.floor(Math.random()*(H-tempR) + tempR); var tempBall = { x:tempX, y:tempY, r:tempR, stepX:Math.floor(Math.random() * 13 -6), stepY:Math.floor(Math.random() * 13 -6), color:tempColor }; balls.push(tempBall); } } } function updateBalls(){ for(var i = 0; i < balls.length; i++){ balls[i].x += balls[i].stepX; balls[i].y += balls[i].stepY; bumpTest(balls[i]); } } function bumpTest(ele){ //左侧 if(ele.x <= ele.r){ ele.x = ele.r; ele.stepX = -ele.stepX; } //右侧 if(ele.x >= W - ele.r){ ele.x = W - ele.r; ele.stepX = -ele.stepX; } //上侧 if(ele.y <= ele.r){ ele.y = ele.r; ele.stepY = -ele.stepY; } //下侧 if(ele.y >= H - ele.r){ ele.y = H - ele.r; ele.stepY = -ele.stepY; } } function renderBalls(){ //重置画布高度，达到清空画布的效果 canvas.height = H; if(canvas.getContext){ var cxt = canvas.getContext('2d'); for(var i = 0; i < balls.length; i++){ cxt.beginPath(); cxt.arc(balls[i].x,balls[i].y,balls[i].r,0,2*Math.PI); cxt.fillStyle = balls[i].color; cxt.closePath(); cxt.fill(); } } } getBalls(); clearInterval(oTimer); var oTimer = setInterval(function(){ //更新小球运动状态 updateBalls(); //渲染小球 renderBalls(); },50); </script>

重叠效果