最近有个需求,不去调用系统界面发送彩信功能。做过发送短信功能的同学可能第一反应是这样:
不使用 StartActivity,像发短信那样,调用一个类似于发短信的方法
SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();
smsManager.sendTextMessage(phoneCode, null, text, null, null);
可以实现吗? 答案是否定的,因为Android上根本就没有提供发送彩信的接口,如果你想发送彩信,对不起,请调用系统彩信app界面,如下:
Java代码
Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND, Uri.parse("mms://")); sendIntent.setType("image/jpeg"); String url = "file://sdcard//tmpPhoto.jpg"; sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.parse(url)); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "MMS:"));但是这种方法往往不能满足我们的需求,能不能不调用系统界面,自己实现发送彩信呢?经过几天的努力,终于找到了解决办法。
第一步:先构造出你要发送的彩信内容,即构建一个pdu,需要用到以下几个类,这些类都是从android源码的MMS应用中mms.pdu包中copy出来的。你需要将pdu包中的所有类
都拷贝到你的工程中,然后自己酌情调通。
Java代码
final SendReq sendRequest = new SendReq(); final PduBody pduBody = new PduBody(); final PduPart part = new PduPart();//存放附件,每个附件是一个part,如果添加多个附件,就想body中add多个part。 pduBody.addPart(partPdu); sendRequest.setBody(pduBody); final PduComposer composer = new PduComposer(ctx, sendRequest); final byte[] bytesToSend = composer.make(); //将彩信的内容以及主题等信息转化成byte数组,准备通过http协议//发送到 ””;第二步:发送彩信到彩信中心。
构建pdu的代码:
Java代码
String subject = "测试彩信"; String recipient = "接收彩信的号码";//138xxxxxxx final SendReq sendRequest = new SendReq(); final EncodedStringValue[] sub = EncodedStringValue.extract(subject); if (sub != null && sub.length > 0) { sendRequest.setSubject(sub[0]); } final EncodedStringValue[] phoneNumbers = EncodedStringValue.extract(recipient); if (phoneNumbers != null && phoneNumbers.length > 0) { sendRequest.addTo(phoneNumbers[0]); } final PduBody pduBody = new PduBody(); final PduPart part = new PduPart(); part.setName("sample".getBytes()); part.setContentType("image/png".getBytes()); String furl = "file://mnt/sdcard//1.jpg"; final PduPart partPdu = new PduPart(); partPdu.setCharset(CharacterSets.UTF_8);//UTF_16 partPdu.setName(part.getName()); partPdu.setContentType(part.getContentType()); partPdu.setDataUri(Uri.parse(furl)); pduBody.addPart(partPdu); sendRequest.setBody(pduBody); final PduComposer composer = new PduComposer(ctx, sendRequest); final byte[] bytesToSend = composer.make(); Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { HttpConnectInterface.sendMMS(ctx, bytesToSend); // } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); t.start(); 发送pdu到彩信中心的代码: public static String mmscUrl = "http://mmsc.monternet.com"; // public static String mmscUrl = "http://www.baidu.com/"; public static String mmsProxy = "10.0.0.172"; public static String mmsProt = "80"; private static String HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = ""; // Definition for necessary HTTP headers. private static final String HDR_KEY_ACCEPT = "Accept"; private static final String HDR_KEY_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = "Accept-Language"; private static final String HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT = "*/*, application/vnd.wap.mms-message, application/vnd.wap.sic"; public static byte[] sendMMS(Context context, byte[] pdu)throws IOException{ HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = getHttpAcceptLanguage(); if (mmscUrl == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("URL must not be null."); } HttpClient client = null; try { // Make sure to use a proxy which supports CONNECT. client = HttpConnector.buileClient(context); HttpPost post = new HttpPost(mmscUrl); //mms PUD START ByteArrayEntity entity = new ByteArrayEntity(pdu); entity.setContentType("application/vnd.wap.mms-message"); post.setEntity(entity); post.addHeader(HDR_KEY_ACCEPT, HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT); post.addHeader(HDR_KEY_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE, HDR_VALUE_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE); //mms PUD END HttpParams params = client.getParams(); HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, "UTF-8"); HttpResponse response = client.execute(post); LogUtility.showLog(tag, "111"); StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine(); LogUtility.showLog(tag, "status "+status.getStatusCode()); if (status.getStatusCode() != 200) { // HTTP 200 is not success. LogUtility.showLog(tag, "!200"); throw new IOException("HTTP error: " + status.getReasonPhrase()); } HttpEntity resentity = response.getEntity(); byte[] body = null; if (resentity != null) { try { if (resentity.getContentLength() > 0) { body = new byte[(int) resentity.getContentLength()]; DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(resentity.getContent()); try { dis.readFully(body); } finally { try { dis.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(tag, "Error closing input stream: " + e.getMessage()); } } } } finally { if (entity != null) { entity.consumeContent(); } } } LogUtility.showLog(tag, "result:"+new String(body)); return body; } catch (IllegalStateException e) { LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e); // handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e); // handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl); } catch (SocketException e) { LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e); // handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl); } catch (Exception e) { LogUtility.showLog(tag, "",e); //handleHttpConnectionException(e, mmscUrl); } finally { if (client != null) { // client.; } } return new byte[0]; } 至此,彩信的发送算是完成了。总结:android的彩信相关操作都是没有api的,包括彩信的读取、发送、存储。这些过程都是需要手动去完成的。想要弄懂这些过程,需要仔细阅读android源码中的mms这个app。还有就是去研究mmssms.db数据库,因为彩信的读取和存储其实都是对mmssms.db这个数据库的操作过程。而且因为这个是共享的数据库,所以只能用ContentProvider这个组件去操作db。
总之,想要研究彩信这块(包括普通短信),你就必须的研究mmssms.db的操作方法,多多了解每个表对应的哪个uri,每个uri能提供什么样的操作,那些字段代表短信的那些属性等。
最后推荐个好用的sqlite查看工具:SQLite Database Browser。