我们在开发的时候，一定会使用ajax异步提交表单，在这里总结一下：
前提准备：引入脚本
<!--jquery需要引入的文件--> <script src="https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script> <!--ajax提交表单需要引入jquery.form.js--> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://malsup.github.io/jquery.form.js"></script>
前台页面：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"https://www.jb51.net/"; %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <base href="https://www.jb51.net/<%=basePath%>" > <title>Title</title> <!--jquery需要引入的文件--> <script src="https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script> <!--ajax提交表单需要引入jquery.form.js--> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://malsup.github.io/jquery.form.js"></script> <script> $(function () { //给id为ajaxSubmit的按钮提交表单 $("#ajaxSubmit").on("click",function () { //alert(1); $("#ajaxForm").ajaxSubmit({ beforeSubmit:function () { // alert("我在提交表单之前被调用！"); }, success:function (data) { //alert("我在提交表单成功之后被调用"); if (typeof(data) == "string"){ data = eval( '('+data+')'); //alert(data); object handle(data); }else{ handle(data); } } }); }); }); //处理返回数据 function handle(data){ if(data.status == 200){ alert(data.message); //处理逻辑 }else{ alert(data.message); //处理逻辑 } } </script> </head> <body> <form method="post" action="testAjax"> 姓名：<input type="text"/><br> 年龄：<input type="text"><br> 性别：男 <input type="radio" value="man" checked/> 女 <input type="radio" value="woman"/><br/> <br><br><br> <input type="submit" value="同步提交"/> <input type="reset" value="重置" /> <br> <br> <br> <input type="button" value="点我ajax提交表单"/> </form> </body> </html>
后台servlet代码：
package cn.cupcat.controller; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class TestAJAXContorller extends HttpServlet{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println("进入了doGet方法！"); //调用都doPost方法，get和post做同样处理 doPost(req, resp); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println("进入了doPost方法！"); //设置请求编码 req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //设置响应编码 resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //得到表单中的name String name = req.getParameter("name"); //得到表单中的age String age = req.getParameter("age"); //得到表单中的sex String sex = req.getParameter("sex"); //输出打印 System.out.println("name = "+name + " age = " + age +" sex = "+sex); String message = "name = "+name + " age = " + age +" sex = "+sex; //返回客户端结果 String result = getResponseResult(200,message); //将result返回客户端 resp.getWriter().print(result); //这里可以不用关闭 resp.getWriter()流，由容器负责管理 } //这里为了简单，没有引入处理json的包，这是模拟json数据 public static String getResponseResult(int status,String message){ return "{status: "+status+",message: '"+message+"'}"; } }
web.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee " version="3.1"> <display-name>upload_demo</display-name> <!-- 测试ajax servlet开始 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>testAjax</servlet-name> <servlet-class>cn.cupcat.controller.TestAJAXContorller</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>testAjax</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/testAjax</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 测试ajax servlet结束 --> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
注意：
ajaxSubmit({})的也可以这样设置表单的method、action、表单项