Centos7安装python3+Selenium+chrome+chromedriver详细
python2和python3共存,Selenium错误的处理
更新Centos源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
#下载完后,运行下面命令:
yum clean all
yum makecache
1.Python3安装与python2共存
wget
yum install libffi-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
tar -xvJf Python-3.6.2.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.2
./configure prefix=http://www.likecs.com/usr/local/python3
make && make install
make clean
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
python -V 检查下是不是python3
python2 -V 检查下是不是python2
如果上面正常显示,请继续设置下。yum需要python2版本，所以我们还要修改yum的配置。/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down也需要修改python2
vi /usr/bin/yum
#把文件第一行python改成python2
#!/usr/bin/python2
import sys
try:
import yum
except ImportError:
......继续修改urlgrabber-ext-down
vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
#跟上面一样修改第一行python改成python2
#! /usr/bin/python2
# A very simple external downloader
# Copyright 2011-2012 Zdenek Pavlas
python2和python3共存:默认pip是python2,python3需要如何配置？如果pip也没有安装,就先安装pip
yum -y install epel-release
yum install python-pip
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
配置pip源按自己需要,也可以不配置
mkdir ~/.pip
vi pip.conf
[global]
timeout = 60
index-url = https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple
2.chrome安装和chromedriver下载
chrome下载安装
yum install https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
chromedriver下载,我下载的是最新版本。chrome也是最新版本
https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/2.40/chromedriver_linux64.zip
chromedriver下载后拷贝，到/usr/local/bin/目录下，并且赋可执行的权限： chmod -R 744 /usr/local/bin/chromedriver
不然在运行程序或或者重启程序时，容易报错：selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH
3.安装selenium,使用是的python3
pip3 install selenium
测试开始:
创建一个名字为test目录,目录结构如下:
[root@localhost test]# tree
├── chromedriver
└── test.py
test.py测试代码如下:chrome界面浏览
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="/root/test/chromedriver", chrome_options=options)
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
print(driver.page_source)
driver.quit()
测试运行看看
python test.py
运行完果断报错
raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist
修改test.py加上–no-sandbox完美解决。当然使用selenium可能会出现其他的错误，我会在其他文章收集些错误解决办法。
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver